Spatial and temporal dynamics of the fungal community of chestnut blight cankers on American chestnut (Castanea dentata) in Michigan and Wisconsin

Kolp, Matthew; Double, M. L.; Fulbright, D. W.; MacDonald, William L.; Jarosz, A. M.

doi:10.1016/j.funeco.2020.100925

Cited by 15 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…Therefore, entries in Table 1 referring to this study must be taken with circumspection. Moreover, some uncertainty is entailed in a few reports concerning endophytic fungi associated with cankers produced by C. parasitica on both C. sativa and C. dentata [ 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 ]. Even if in these cases the plant material used for isolations was not asymptomatic following infection by a known pathogen, the sterilization procedure ensured that at least the isolated fungi had colonized the plant tissues before sampling and were not epiphytic contaminants.…”

Section: Occurrence Of Endophytic Fungi In Chestnuts and Ecologicamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Interactions between C. parasitica and endophytic fungi are important and deserve to be investigated more in depth. In fact, it has been inferred that, as a general feature, the impact of their antagonistic properties is higher against the hypovirulent than the virulent strains, which implies that they could impair the effectiveness of biological control of chestnut blights by negatively interfering with the natural spread of the former [ 36 , 40 ].…”

Section: Occurrence Of Endophytic Fungi In Chestnuts and Ecologicamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Endophytic Fungi and Ecological Fitness of Chestnuts

Nicoletti

Beccaro

Sękara

et al. 2021

Plants

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Chestnuts (Castanea spp.) are plants of relevant economic interest in the agro-sylvicultural contexts of mountain regions throughout the temperate zone, particularly in the northern hemisphere. In recent years, several biological adversities have repeatedly endangered species belonging to this genus, calling for coordinated actions addressed to contrast their decline. These actions have mainly focused on the control of key pests/pathogens and the improvement of resistance/tolerance by the plant host, while the role of microorganisms as mediators of interactions between plants and the noxious agents has been less considered, essentially by reason of a limited knowledge on their ecological impact. In line with the increasing awareness of the basic importance of microbial symbionts in regulating plant fitness in both natural and crop contexts, this paper offers an overview on the occurrence and effects of endophytic fungi of chestnuts.

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Section: Occurrence Of Endophytic Fungi In Chestnuts and Ecologicamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Occurrence Of Endophytic Fungi In Chestnuts and Ecologicamentioning

confidence: 99%

Endophytic Fungi and Ecological Fitness of Chestnuts

Nicoletti

Beccaro

Sękara

et al. 2021

Plants

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“…In the most aggressive and well-studied examples (e.g., Chestnut blight, Dutch elm disease, or the more recent Emerald ash borer) disease agent aggressiveness and ensuing host mortality may be sufficiently rapid such that co-occurrence with other organisms is of minimal relevance to system dynamics. Though, even in these disease systems, colonization with certain endophytic microbes can influence host susceptibility (Feau and Hamelin, 2017) or pathogen aggressiveness (Kolp et al, 2020) in subtle or complex ways. Often, however, interactions with host trees are embedded in a diverse community that varies both spatially and temporally, and disease "complexes" (diseases with multiple causal agents that act in concert to produce symptoms and mediate host decline), are increasingly recognized as important (Desprez-Loustau et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathogen and Endophyte Assemblages Co-vary With Beech Bark Disease Progression, Tree Decline, and Regional Climate

Morrison

Kasson

Heath

et al. 2021

Front. For. Glob. Change

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Plant–pathogen interactions are often considered in a pairwise manner with minimal consideration of the impacts of the broader endophytic community on disease progression and/or outcomes for disease agents and hosts. Community interactions may be especially relevant in the context of disease complexes (i.e., interacting or functionally redundant causal agents) and decline diseases (where saprobes and weak pathogens synergize the effects of primary infections and hasten host mortality). Here we describe the bark endophyte communities associated with a widespread decline disease of American beech, beech bark disease (BBD), caused by an invasive scale insect (Cryptococcus fagisuga) and two fungal pathogens, Neonectria faginata and N. ditissima. We show that the two primary fungal disease agents co-occur more broadly than previously understood (35.5% of infected trees), including within the same 1-cm diameter phloem samples. The two species appear to have contrasting associations with climate and stages of tree decline, wherein N. faginata was associated with warmer and N. ditissima with cooler temperatures. Neonectria ditissima showed a positive association with tree crown dieback – no such association was observed for N. faginata. Further, we identify fungal endophytes that may modulate disease progression as entomopathogens, mycoparasites, saprotrophs, and/or additional pathogens, including Clonostachys rosea and Fusarium babinda. These fungi may alter the trajectory of disease via feedbacks with the primary disease agents or by altering symptom expression or rates of tree decline across the range of BBD.

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“…Rarely, however, are broader communities considered, despite the fact that pathogens and insects attacking forest trees are embedded in variable and/or, in the case of non-native species, novel communities. In the most aggressive and well-studied examples (e.g., Chestnut blight, Dutch elm disease, or the more recent Emerald ash borer), disease agent aggressiveness and ensuing host mortality may be sufficiently rapid such that co-occurrence with other organisms is of minimal relevance to system dynamics, though colonization with certain endophytic microbes can influence host susceptibility (Feau and Hamelin, 2017) or pathogen aggressiveness (Kolp et al, 2020) in subtle or complex ways. Often, however, interactions with host trees are embedded in a diverse community that varies both spatially and temporally, and diseases “complexes” (diseases with multiple causal agents that act in concert to produce symptoms and mediate host decline), are increasingly recognized as important (Desprez-Loustau et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathogen and endophyte assemblages co-vary with beech bark disease progression, tree decline, and regional climate

Morrison

Kasson

Heath

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Plant-pathogen interactions are often considered in a pairwise manner with minimal consideration of the impacts of the broader endophytic community on disease progression and/or outcomes for disease agents and hosts. Community interactions may be especially relevant in the context of disease complexes (i.e, interacting or functionally redundant causal agents) and decline diseases (where saprobes and weak pathogens synergize the effects of primary infections and hasten host mortality). Here we describe the bark endophyte communities associated with a widespread decline disease of American beech, beech bark disease (BBD), caused by an invasive scale insect (Cryptococcus fagisuga) and two fungal pathogens, Neonectria faginata and N. ditissima. We show that the two primary fungal disease agents co-occur more broadly than previously understood (35.5% of infected trees), including within the same 1-cm diameter phloem samples. The two species appear to have contrasting associations with climate and stages of tree decline, wherein N. faginata was associated with warmer and N. ditissima with cooler temperatures. Neonectria ditissima showed a positive association with tree crown dieback – no such association was observed for N. faginata. Further, we identify fungal endophytes that may modulate disease progression as entomopathogens, mycoparasites, saprotrophs and/or additional pathogens, including Clonostachys rosea and Fusarium babinda. These fungi may alter the trajectory of disease via feedbacks with the primary disease agents or by altering symptom expression or rates of tree decline across the range of BBD.

show abstract

Spatial and temporal dynamics of the fungal community of chestnut blight cankers on American chestnut (Castanea dentata) in Michigan and Wisconsin

Cited by 15 publications

References 69 publications

Endophytic Fungi and Ecological Fitness of Chestnuts

Endophytic Fungi and Ecological Fitness of Chestnuts

Pathogen and Endophyte Assemblages Co-vary With Beech Bark Disease Progression, Tree Decline, and Regional Climate

Pathogen and endophyte assemblages co-vary with beech bark disease progression, tree decline, and regional climate

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