Spatial and Temporal Organization of the Individual Human Cerebellum

Marek, Scott; Siegel, Joshua S.; Gordon, Evan M.; Raut, Ryan V.; Gratton, Caterina; Newbold, Dillan J.; Ortega, Mario; Laumann, Timothy O.; Miller, Derek B.; Zheng, Annie; Lopez, Katherine; Berg, Jeffrey J.; Coalson, Rebecca S.; Nguyen, Annie; Dierker, Donna L.; Van, Andrew N.; Hoyt, Catherine R.; McDermott, Kathleen B.; Norris, Scott A.; Shimony, Joshua S.; Snyder, Abraham Z.; Nelson, Steven M.; Deanna, M; Schlaggar, Bradley L.; Raichle, Marcus E.; Petersen, Steven E.; Greene, Deanna J.; Dosenbach, Nico U.F.

doi:10.2139/ssrn.3188429

Cited by 33 publications

(79 citation statements)

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“…Numerous studies have mapped motor and non-motor task processes and resting-state networks in the human cerebellar cortex using fMRI [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. This field of research has contributed to the development of modern cerebellar systems neuroscience-the cerebellum is now appreciated as a structure relevant for virtually all aspects of behavior in health and disease (see [13]).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cerebellar Functional Anatomy: a Didactic Summary Based on Human fMRI Evidence

2019

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The cerebellum is relevant for virtually all aspects of behavior in health and disease. Cerebellar findings are common across all kinds of neuroimaging studies of brain function and dysfunction. A large and expanding body of literature mapping motor and non-motor functions in the healthy human cerebellar cortex using fMRI has served as a tool for interpreting these findings. For example, results of cerebellar atrophy in Alzheimer's disease in caudal aspects of Crus I/II and medial lobule IX can be interpreted by consulting a large number of task, resting-state, and gradient-based reports that describe the functional characteristics of these specific aspects of the cerebellar cortex. Here, we provide a concise summary that outlines organizational principles observed consistently across these studies of normal cerebellar organization. This basic framework may be useful for investigators performing or reading experiments that require a functional interpretation of human cerebellar topography.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cerebellar Functional Anatomy: a Didactic Summary Based on Human fMRI Evidence

2019

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“…Recent work has demonstrated that functional networks can be described in an individualspecific manner if sufficient rs-fMRI data are acquired, an approach termed Precision Functional Mapping (PFM) (22,23,(26)(27)(28)(29)(30). PFM respects the unique functional anatomy of each person and avoids averaging together functionally distinct brain regions across individuals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cingulo-Opercular Control Network Supports Disused Motor Circuits in Standby Mode

Newbold

Gordon

Laumann

et al. 2020

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Two weeks of upper extremity casting induced plasticity beyond somatomotor regions. Whole-brain resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI) revealed that disused motor regions became more strongly connected to the cingulo-opercular network (CON), an executive control network that includes regions of the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) and insula. Disuse-driven increases in functional connectivity (FC) were specific to the CON and somatomotor networks and did not involve any other networks, such as the salience, frontoparietal or default mode networks. FC increases during casting were mediated by large, spontaneous activity pulses that appeared in disused motor regions and network-adjacent CON control regions. During limb constraint, disused motor circuits appear to enter a standby mode characterized by spontaneous activity pulses and strengthened connectivity to CON executive control regions.

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“…Separate cortico-striato-thalamocortical loops devoted to different functions (e.g, motor, control) involve specific regions within subcortical structures (Haber, 2003). These associations have been demonstrated in humans with resting-state functional connectivity, such that different regions within the subcortex and the cerebellum exhibit stronger functional connectivity with specific functional networks (Choi et al, 2012;Greene et al, 2014;Marek et al, 2018;Greene et al, 2020). In the present study, we treated each structure as a unit.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…For each participant, resting-state time-courses were extracted from a set of 300 regions of interest (ROIs) covering much of the cortex (Power et al, 2011), subcortex, and cerebellum ( Figure 1; (Seitzman et al, 2020) internal associations. We examined regions of interest (ROIs) within each of these networks in the cortex, as well as ROIs within the basal ganglia (BG), thalamus (THAL), and cerebellum (CBL), which often link with multiple cortical networks (Choi et al, 2012;Greene et al, 2014;Marek et al, 2018).…”

Section: Regions Network and Blocksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age-dependent differences in functional brain networks are atypical in Tourette syndrome

Nielsen¹,

Gratton²,

Kim

et al. 2020

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Tourette syndrome (TS) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by motor and vocal tics. TS is complex, with symptoms that involve sensory, motor, and top-down control processes and that fluctuate over the course of development. While many have studied atypical brain structure and function associated with TS, the neural substrates supporting the complex range and time-course of symptoms is largely understudied. Here, we used functional connectivity MRI to examine functional networks across the whole-brain in children and adults with TS. To investigate the functional neuroanatomy of childhood and adulthood TS, we separately considered the sets of connections within each functional network and those between each pair of functional networks. We tested whether developmental stage (child, adult), diagnosis (TS, control), or an interaction between these factors was present among these connections. We found that developmental changes for most functional networks in TS were unaltered (i.e., developmental differences in TS were similar to those in typically developing children and adults). However, there were several within-network and cross-network connections that exhibited either divergent or attenuated development in TS. Connections involving the somatomotor, cingulo-opercular, auditory, dorsal attention, and default mode networks diverged from typical development in TS, demonstrating enhanced functional connectivity in adulthood TS. In contrast, connections involving the basal ganglia, thalamus, cerebellum, auditory, visual, reward, and ventral attention networks showed attenuated developmental differences in TS. These results suggest that adulthood TS is characterized by increased functional connectivity among functional networks that support cognitive control and attention, which may be implicated in suppressing, producing, and attending to tics. In contrast, subcortical systems that have been implicated in the initiation and production of tics may be immature in adulthood TS. Jointly, our results reveal how several cortical and subcortical functional networks interact and differ across development in TS.

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Spatial and Temporal Organization of the Individual Human Cerebellum

Cited by 33 publications

References 100 publications

Cerebellar Functional Anatomy: a Didactic Summary Based on Human fMRI Evidence

Cerebellar Functional Anatomy: a Didactic Summary Based on Human fMRI Evidence

Cingulo-Opercular Control Network Supports Disused Motor Circuits in Standby Mode

Age-dependent differences in functional brain networks are atypical in Tourette syndrome

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