Spatial and temporal variations and possible sources of dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) and its metabolites in rivers in Tianjin, China

Tao, Shu; Li, B.G.; He, Xiao; Liu, W.X.; Shi, Zhimin

doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2006.12.082

Cited by 70 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The sediments of the Dagu Drainage River near Dagu Chemical Industrial Park were seriously contaminated by HCHs (mean 87.7 μg kg -1 ) and DDTs (mean 35.5 μg kg -1 ), and high residue levels of γ-HCH and p,p′-DDT indicated a recent input of these two OCPs into Dagu Drainage River (Yang et al 2005). Meanwhile, the sediments from immediately downstream of the effluent discharges of Hangu Chemical Industrial Park were severely polluted by DDTs (5,350 μg kg -1 ) (Tao et al 2007). These studies indicate that chemical factories are responsible for high residue levels of DDT and HCH in the surrounding areas.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A mixture of standard solution containing α, β, γ, δ-HCH, o,p′-DDT, p,p′-DDT, p,p′-DDE, p,p′-DDD and HCB standard solution with 1 g kg -1 per compound were purchased from National Research Center for certified Reference Materials of China. Gong et al 2004a, b;Li et al 2006b;Qiu et al 2005;Tao et al 2006;Tao et al 2007;Wei et al 2007;Wang et al 2005a andYang et al 2008 2,4,5,6-Tetrachloro-m-xylene (TCMX) was used as the surrogate standard (Supelco, Bellefonte, PA, USA). Agilent6890 gas chromatograph (GC) equipped a 63 Ni electron capture detector (μECD; Agilent Technology Co., USA) was used for the analysis.…”

Section: Reagents and Instrumentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Regional differences and sources of organochlorine pesticides in soils surrounding chemical industrial parks

Wang

Lü

et al. 2008

Environ Monit Assess

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Concentrations of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs; dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethanes (DDTs), hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCHs), hexachlorobenzene (HCB)) were investigated in 105 soil samples collected in vicinity of the chemical industrial parks in Tianjin, China. OCP concentrations significantly varied in the study area, high HCH and DDT levels were found close to the chemical industrial parks. The intensity of agricultural activity and distance from the potential OCP emitters have important influences on the OCP residue distributions. Principal component analysis indicates that HCH pollution is a mix of historical technical HCH and current lindane pollution and DDT pollution input is only due to technical DDT sources. The significant correlations of OCP compounds reveal that HCHs, DDTs and HCB could have some similar sources of origin.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Reagents and Instrumentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regional differences and sources of organochlorine pesticides in soils surrounding chemical industrial parks

Wang

Lü

et al. 2008

Environ Monit Assess

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“…There were two large chemical factories, namely Tianjin Chemical Factory and Tianjin Dagu Chemical Factory. The former, located at Hangu, was the largest HCHs producer in China, ceased production of technical HCHs in 1983 and is still producing DDTs; the latter at Tanggu produced technical HCHs from 1953 to 2000, lindane from 1986 to 2000 and hexachlorobenzene (HCB) from 1958 to 2004 Tao et al, 2005Tao et al, , 2007. Furthermore, a great deal of HCHs and DDTs were applied agriculturally from 1953 to 1993 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, a great deal of HCHs and DDTs were applied agriculturally from 1953 to 1993 . A few of studies on OCPs in various environment compartments of Tianjin have been conducted recently which showed that OCPs concentrations in soil, water and sediment in Tianjin were high Lü et al, 2007;Tao et al, 2007;Wang et al, 2008b). High DDT concentrations in human tissues (breast milk, blood and fat) have been detected in Tianjin (Wang et al, 2008b) because of their potential for bioaccumulation in the human body through daily exposure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial and seasonal variations of organochlorine compounds in air on an urban–rural transect across Tianjin, China

Zheng

Chen²,

Liu

et al. 2010

Chemosphere

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a b s t r a c tThe spatial and seasonal variations of atmospheric organochlorine compounds (OCs) concentrations was investigated at six sites on an urban-rural transect in Tianjin, China from July 2006 to June 2008 using XAD-based passive air samplers. The samplers were deployed for six time periods. Hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCHs) air concentrations were highest at Tanggu and Tuanbowa and decreased dramatically further away from these two sites. The maximum proportion of b-HCH compared to RHCHs (12.1-32.2%) was found in Hangu, suggesting its persistence. The a/c-HCH ratio was between 1.26 and 5.79 which signified the combined influence of technical HCHs and lindane. Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane related compounds (DDTs) were higher at Hangu compared with other sites which was attributed to its continuing production there. Low p,p 0 -DDE/p,p 0 -DDT in Hangu and Tanggu were found, reflecting the fresh input of DDTs while the relatively high o,p 0 -DDT/p,p 0 -DDT ratios indicated the agricultural application of dicofol. Polychlorinated biphenyls distribution elucidated that the urban area could be their emission source. Hexachlorobenzene, with the highest concentrations in Tanggu, showed the smallest industrial/urbanrural gradient ($4-9 times) than those of other chemicals ($17-49 for RHCHs, $10-77 for RDDTs), but comparable with PCBs (PCB28 and PCB52) ($3-10). Seasonal variations of OCPs were featured by higher concentration in spring and summer and lower in winter. This was likely associated with (i) their temperature-driven re-volatilization and (ii) application of dicofol in late spring and summer and DDTcontaining antifouling paints for fishing ships in summer. However seasonality of PCBs concentrations was site-specific on the Tianjin scale.

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“…China was a major producer and consumer of DDT in the last century resulting in high residual levels of DDT and its metabolites in various environmental media and ecological compartments (Tao et al 2007). The total production of technical DDT was about 0.4 million tons, which accounted for 20% of total world production (Zhang et al 2002;Yang et al 2005).…”

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confidence: 99%

Distribution of DDT in a Typical DDT Waste Contaminated Site

Liu

Zheng

et al. 2008

Bull Environ Contam Toxicol

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Serious pollution was found in the soil under a historically DDT workshop and the highest level of P DDT was 2682.86 mg/kg. The vertical distribution of DDT shows that the levels of DDT decreased significantly with increase of depth, which mainly because the infiltration of rainwater was inhibited by the cement or brick surface. The DDT polluted soil area was 6,814 m 2 and the polluted soil volume 4,398 m 3 above 10 mg/kg. The ratio of (DDE + DDD) to DDT showed that part of the p,p 0 -DDT was degraded to DDD and DDE in the soil.

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Spatial and temporal variations and possible sources of dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) and its metabolites in rivers in Tianjin, China

Cited by 70 publications

References 16 publications

Regional differences and sources of organochlorine pesticides in soils surrounding chemical industrial parks

Regional differences and sources of organochlorine pesticides in soils surrounding chemical industrial parks

Spatial and seasonal variations of organochlorine compounds in air on an urban–rural transect across Tianjin, China

Distribution of DDT in a Typical DDT Waste Contaminated Site

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