Spatial and temporal variations in surface water quality of the dam reservoirs in the Tigris River basin, Turkey

Varol, Memet; Gökot, Bülent; Bekleyen, Aysel; Şen, Bülent

doi:10.1016/j.catena.2011.11.013

Cited by 226 publications

(157 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Singh et al (2004), monitoring eight points to assess the water quality of the Gomti river in northern India, found that those collection points could be reduced to three. Varol et al (2012) studying the water quality from reservoirs of the Tigris River basin in Turkey, evaluating the similarities of the water using the hierarchical cluster analysis found that monitoring points could be reduced from ten to four.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This type of analysis reduces the observational data and allows the interpretation of various components individually, since it can indicate associations between samples and/or variables, and also allows identification of possible factors and sources which influence the water system (Bouza-Deaño et al, 2008;Palácio et al, 2011;Guedes et al, 2012;Varol et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessment of the water quality in a large reservoir in semiarid region of Brazil

Lopes

Andrade

Meireles

et al. 2014

Rev. bras. eng. agríc. ambient.

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A B S T R A C TThe aim of this study was to identify spatial and temporal variations in water quality of Orós reservoir, Ceará, Brazil, as well as the sources of contamination. To get this information the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Cluster Analysis (CA) was used. Water samples were collected at seven (geo-referenced) points, from April 2008 to March 2011, totalling 4,032 samples. The following attributes of the waters were analysed: temperature, pH, CE, Ca , turbidity, colour, Sechi transparency, TS, TVS, TFS, TSS, VSS, FSS, TDS, DO, BO 5D , total phosphorus, soluble orthophosphate, EC, TTC, total ammonia, TKN, nitrate, SAR and chlorophyll-a. The PCA promoted the reduction from the 32 initial variables to 14, accounting for 84.39% of the total variance. The major factors responsible for water quality composition are: the natural weathering of geological soil components; the entrainment of suspended solids through surface runoff from agricultural areas; and anthropogenic action in the Upper Jaguaribe basin in Ceará. The similarity of the water of the Orós reservoir allows a reduction in the number of sampling points, which may result in significant cost savings without sacrificing the water quality monitoring. The similarity of the waters was influenced by anthropic activities being carried out near the reservoir and all along the watershed.Investigação da qualidade das águas de um grande reservatório na região semiárida do Brasil R E S U M O Objetivou-se estudar, com esta pesquisa, a variabilidade espaço temporal da qualidade das águas do açude Orós, Ceará, além das variáveis determinantes desta qualidade razão pela qual foram empregadas a análise de componentes principais (ACP) e a análise de agrupamento hierárquico (AAH). As amostras de água foram coletadas em sete pontos (georreferenciados), no período de abril de 2008 a março de 2011, totalizando 4032 amostras. Nas águas foram analisados os seguintes atributos: temperatura, pH, CE, Ca , turbidez, cor, transparência de sechi, ST, STV, STF, SST, SSV, SSF, SDT, OD, DBO 5 , fósforo total, ortofosfato solúvel, EC, CTT, amônia total, NKT, nitrato, RAS e clorofila-a. A ACP promoveu redução das 32 variáveis iniciais para 14 variáveis explicando 84,39% da variância total. Os principais fatores responsáveis pela qualidade das águas do Orós foram: processo natural de intemperismo dos componentes geológicos do solo; carreamentos dos sólidos suspensos através do escoamento superficial das águas oriundas de áreas agrícolas e ações humanas ocorridas nas partes altas da bacia do Alto Jaguaribe. A similaridade das águas do Orós permite uma redução nos pontos de amostragem, o que pode resultar em menor custo sem comprometer o monitoramento da qualidade das águas. A similaridade das águas foi influenciada pelas atividades antrópicas exercidas nas proximidades do reservatório e ao longo da bacia.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of the water quality in a large reservoir in semiarid region of Brazil

Lopes

Andrade

Meireles

et al. 2014

Rev. bras. eng. agríc. ambient.

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“…However, reciprocal validation between any two multivariate analyses is still required to validate the results obtained by each approach [7]. Although the spatial and temporal variations of surface water quality in reservoirs or lakes have been extensively studied [17][18][19], how to identify the pollution sources for watershed systems still remains elusive due to the lack of pollution census data [20][21][22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatio-Temporal Patterns and Source Identification of Water Pollution in Lake Taihu (China)

Chen

Zhao

et al. 2016

Water

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Abstract:Various multivariate methods were used to analyze datasets of river water quality for 11 variables measured at 20 different sites surrounding Lake Taihu from 2006 to 2010 (13,200 observations), to determine temporal and spatial variations in river water quality and to identify potential pollution sources. Hierarchical cluster analysis (CA) grouped the 12 months into two periods (May to November, December to the next April) and the 20 sampling sites into two groups (A and B) based on similarities in river water quality characteristics. Discriminant analysis (DA) was important in data reduction because it used only three variables (water temperature, dissolved oxygen (DO) and five-day biochemical oxygen demand (BOD 5 )) to correctly assign about 94% of the cases and five variables (petroleum, volatile phenol, dissolved oxygen, ammonium nitrogen and total phosphorus) to correctly assign >88.6% of the cases. In addition, principal component analysis (PCA) identified four potential pollution sources for Clusters A and B: industrial source (chemical-related, petroleum-related or N-related), domestic source, combination of point and non-point sources and natural source. The Cluster A area received more industrial and domestic pollution-related agricultural runoff, whereas Cluster B was mainly influenced by the combination of point and non-point sources. The results imply that comprehensive analysis by using multiple methods could be more effective for facilitating effective management for the Lake Taihu Watershed in the future.

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“…Such information is important to decision-making on water treatment such as acidification, aeration to bring individual parameter to ranges suitable for crop health and production. Water quality monitoring programs have been carried out in natural lakes, reservoirs and rivers to document the spatial and temporal variations in the hydrochemistry of surface waters [14][15][16]. The surface water quality can change daily, monthly, seasonally, or annually resulting from agricultural activities, land use types and rain events [17,18] as well as due to biogeochemical processes, atmospheric deposition, and hydrological changes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The surface water quality can change daily, monthly, seasonally, or annually resulting from agricultural activities, land use types and rain events [17,18] as well as due to biogeochemical processes, atmospheric deposition, and hydrological changes. Researchers have evaluated freshwater quality spatial variation using multivariate techniques including cluster analysis (CA), principal component analysis (PCA), and discriminant analysis (DA) [16,19,20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Analysis of Water Quality between the Runoff Entrance and Middle of Recycling Irrigation Reservoirs

Zhang

Richardson

Belayneh

et al. 2015

Water

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Recycling irrigation reservoirs (RIRs) are an emerging aquatic ecosystem of critical importance, for conserving and protecting increasingly scarce water resources. Here, we compare water quality between runoff entrance and middle of four RIRs in nurseries in Virginia (VA) and Maryland (MD). Surface water temperature (T) and oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) were lower in the middle than at the entrance, while the trend was opposite for dissolved oxygen (DO), pH and chlorophyll a (Chla). The magnitude of these differences between the entrance and middle decreased with increasing depth. These differences were magnified by water stratification from April to October. Minimum differences were observed for electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS) and turbidity (TUR). Cluster analyses were performed on water quality difference data to evaluate whether the differences vary with respect to reservoirs. Two clusters were OPEN ACCESSWater 2015, 7 3862 formed with one consisting primarily of VA reservoirs, and the other consisting mostly of MD reservoirs in both years. Water quality in the middle and at the entrance of RIRs was expected to vary greatly because of runoff inflow. The two-point water quality differences observed here, although statistically significant, are not large enough to cause significant impact on crop health and productivity for most water quality parameters except pH. Additional analysis of outlet data shows that the range and magnitude of water quality difference between the middle and the outlet are comparable to those between the middle and entrance of RIRs. These results indicate that monitoring at a single point is sufficient to obtain reliable water quality estimates for most water quality parameters in RIRs except pH. This is important when considering the cost of labor and equipment necessary for documenting water quality in agricultural production systems. However, additional pH measurements are still necessary to make practical water quality management decisions.

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Spatial and temporal variations in surface water quality of the dam reservoirs in the Tigris River basin, Turkey

Cited by 226 publications

References 20 publications

Assessment of the water quality in a large reservoir in semiarid region of Brazil

Assessment of the water quality in a large reservoir in semiarid region of Brazil

Spatio-Temporal Patterns and Source Identification of Water Pollution in Lake Taihu (China)

Comparative Analysis of Water Quality between the Runoff Entrance and Middle of Recycling Irrigation Reservoirs

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