Spatial and temporal variations of sediment quality in and around fish cage farms: A case study of aquaculture in the Seto Inland Sea, Japan

Pawar, Vaishali; Matsuda, Osamu; Yamamoto, Tamiji; Hashimoto, Tsuyoshi; Rajendran, N.

doi:10.1046/j.1444-2906.2001.00298.x

Cited by 40 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Various studies have reported the development of anoxic conditions in fish farm sediment. Redox potential as low as −200 mV(Eh) has been reported in fish farm sediment 8,9 . Production of toxic gases like methane and H 2 S that adversely affect the benthic organisms has also been reported 2,10 …”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Relationship between feed input and sediment quality of the fish cage farms

2002

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A study was conducted to examine the variation in fish farm sediment quality with varying organic carbon input in the form of feed. In order to elucidate the seasonal variation in farm sediment quality, relation between seasonal organic carbon input, temperature and sediment quality was studied. The sediment ignition loss, redox potential and acid volatile sulfide sulfur (AVS‐S) content showed a correlation with annual organic carbon input. The seasonal AVS‐S content showed a significant correlation with the seasonal organic carbon input as well as temperature. Multiple regression analysis revealed that both of these factors explicated 80% of the seasonal variation in AVS‐S content. Although redox conditions of the sediment could also be correlated with both the organic carbon input and temperature, the latter seemed to have a greater control. Thus, the farm sediment quality could be directly related to the annual organic carbon input to the fish farm under similar hydrographic conditions. Acid volatile sulfide sulfur content exhibited a significant correlation with both the annual as well as the seasonal organic carbon input. Therefore, AVS‐S content proved to be a fairly simple and better indicator for monitoring the fish farm environment for effective farm management and sustainable aquaculture. Importance of size of pellets as a factor affecting the feed input‐sediment quality relation is also demonstrated in the present study.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Relationship between feed input and sediment quality of the fish cage farms

2002

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“…According to the law, the total sulfide levels in the bottom sediment measured as AVS-S concentration should be kept under 2.5 mg/g dry mud. For example, in two sea bream fisheries in the Seto Inland Sea, the total sulfide levels were 0.9±0.5 mg/g and 1.2±0.6 mg/g: the control values in two other areas without fisheries were 0.2±0.1 mg/g and 0.3±0.2 mg/g (Pawar et al, 2001). The total sulfide levels in Tsukumo Bay are thus similar to the control levels at appropriate fish farms.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 54%

Relationship Between the Lifestyle of a Siboglinid (Pogonophoran) Polychaete, Oligobrachia mashikoi, and the Total Sulfide and Nitrogen Levels in its Habitat

et al. 2007

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A gutless polychaete of the family Siboglinidae, Oligobrachia mashikoi, known in the past as a beard worm of the group Pogonophora, inhabits Tsukumo Bay of the Noto Peninsula in the Sea of Japan. Photographs were taken of this polychaete projecting about one third of the length of its tentacles outside of its tube. The tube protruded several mm from the sea bottom. These are the first field photographs of beard worms. The trophosome of this beard worm harbors sulfur-oxidizing bacteria. In fact, the muddy sediment where this worm inhabits smells slightly of hydrogen sulfide. Total sulfide levels, which can be an indicator of the generation of hydrogen sulfide gas, were measured at 10 locations in the bay. Furthermore, at the location which this species inhabits, the total sulfide levels in the vertical direction were determined. In addition, the total nitrogen levels, which can indicate the quantity of organic substances, were measured. The sediment inhabited by this worm was determined to have total sulfide levels of 0.24-0.39 mg/g dry mud, measured in the form of acid-volatile sulfide-sulfur. The total nitrogen levels were 1.0-1.5 μg/mg dry mud. These values suggest that the bottom of Tsukumo Bay has not been deteriorated by eutrophication. The levels were, however, highest in the surface layer of the sediment. These results suggest that hydrogen sulfide is generated in the surface of the sediment by sulfate-reducing bacteria, and that O. mashikoi appears to able to live in an environment that contains a slight amount of sulfide.

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“…A case study of the sediment quality in and around fish cage farms found a significant difference between the sediment below aquaculture pens and that from non-fish farmed areas. Below cage farms, the sediment was found to be acidic, sulfidic, and extremely reducing (Pawar et al 2001). The accumulation of solid waste from feces and uneaten food has potentially significant effects on the quality of marine habitat available for benthic (bottom-dwelling) animals and wildlife dependent on the benthos.…”

Section: Sedimentation Of Outputsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Animal Welfare and Organic Aquaculture in Open Systems

Cottee

Petersan

2009

J Agric Environ Ethics

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The principles of organic farming espouse a holistic approach to agriculture that promotes sustainable and harmonious relationships amongst the natural environment, plants, and animals, as well as regard for animals' physiological and behavioral needs. However, open aquaculture systems-both organic and conventional-present unresolved and significant challenges to the welfare of farmed and wild fish, as well as other wildlife, and to environmental integrity, due to water quality issues, escapes, parasites, predator control, and feed-source sustainability. Without addressing these issues, it is unlikely that open net-pen aquaculture production can be compatible with the principles inherent to organic farming.

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Spatial and temporal variations of sediment quality in and around fish cage farms: A case study of aquaculture in the Seto Inland Sea, Japan

Cited by 40 publications

References 7 publications

Relationship between feed input and sediment quality of the fish cage farms

Relationship between feed input and sediment quality of the fish cage farms

Relationship Between the Lifestyle of a Siboglinid (Pogonophoran) Polychaete, Oligobrachia mashikoi, and the Total Sulfide and Nitrogen Levels in its Habitat

Animal Welfare and Organic Aquaculture in Open Systems

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