Spatial and temporal variations of aridity indices in Iraq

Şarlak, Nermin; Agha, Omar M. A. Mahmood

doi:10.1007/s00704-017-2163-0

Cited by 46 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 11 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Tabari, Hosseinzadeh Talaee [26] also reported a rising trend in aridity in most parts of Iran during 1966-2005. Pour, Abd Wahab [2] reported a significant shift of 4.84% semi-arid land to arid land in Iran between 1951-1980and 1987 reported a shift of semi-arid region to higher aridity in Turkey during 1991-2006 compared to 1960-1990.Şarlak and Agha [27] reported increasing aridity in recent years in the predominantly arid country of Iraq. In recent years an increasing tendency in aridity is also reported in Iraq [27].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…However, studies related to changes in aridity are still very limited in the region. Few studies on aridity trends have been conducted in some regions like Iran [24][25][26], Iraq [27], Turkey [28], Lebanon [29,30] and Egypt [31]. But such studies are still lacking in the majority of the regions, particularly for conflict-affected countries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Spatial Shift of Aridity and Its Impact on Land Use of Syria

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Expansion of arid lands due to climate change, particularly in water stressed regions of the world can have severe implications on the economy and people’s livelihoods. The spatiotemporal trends in aridity, the shift of land from lower to higher arid classes and the effect of this shift on different land uses in Syria have been evaluated in this study for the period 1951–2010 using high-resolution monthly climate data of the Terrestrial Hydrology Research Group of Princeton University. The trends in rainfall, temperature and potential evapotranspiration were also evaluated to understand the causes of aridity shifts. The results revealed an expansion of aridity in Syria during 1951–1980 compared to 1981–2010. About 6.21% of semi-arid land was observed to shift to arid class and 5.91% dry-subhumid land to semi-arid land between the two periods. Analysis of results revealed that the decrease in rainfall is the major cause of increasing aridity in Syria. About 28.3% of agriculture land located in the north and the northwest was found to shift from humid to dry-subhumid or dry-subhumid to semi-arid. Analysis of results revealed that the shifting of drylands mostly occurred in the northern agricultural areas of Syria. The land productivity and irrigation needs can be severely affected by increasing aridity which may affect food security and the economy of the country.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial Shift of Aridity and Its Impact on Land Use of Syria

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Drought is a natural disaster that could be occurred in all regions with different climate conditions. Drought can be affected on the surface water resources, underground water resources, agriculture water demand, water consumption in natural resources, industry, humans and wildlife sections [6,10,21,26,28,36,37,40,43]. Drought develops slowly, is difficult to detect and can present a range of diverse aspects in different regions [1,39].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of changes trend in spatial and temporal pattern of drought over south of Iran using standardized precipitation index (SPI)

Zarei

2019

SN Appl. Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In this research, the precipitation data of 16 synoptic stations from 1980 to 2014 in the south of Iran were used to evaluate the changes of the spatial and temporal pattern of drought based on the SPI index. Results of changes trend analysis in the temporal pattern based on linear regression (LR) showed that the most droughts occurred in the annual time scale (at 37.5% of stations). Based on Mann-Kendall (MK) and Spearman's Rho (SR) tests, the most drought trends occurred in winter and annual time scales. Analysis of spatial pattern changes of drought showed that percent of areas in all classes of drought and all-time scales had non-significant changes (based on MK test), according to SR test, only the areas in moderate wet class of drought had a significant decreasing trend at 5% level. Analysis of LR test showed that the percent of areas in all classes of drought in seasonal time scales had non-significant changes, in annual time scale severe dry and extreme dry classes had a significant decreasing trend at 5% level. Generally, results showed that area percentage with dry classes had an increasing trend, therefore the study area is going to be drier and it's effective on agricultural activities, natural resources management, surface water resources and underground water resources planning and other activities.

show abstract

“…Al-Faraj et al (2015) explored drought and analyzed indicated climate changeinduced alterations in transboundary Diyala watershed presenting a generic technical template to support decision-makers for management in transboundary watersheds (Al-Faraj, Scholz, Tigkas, & Boni, 2015). Şarlak and Mahmood Agha (2017) showed that arid and semi-arid regions cover about 97% of the country areas (Iraq) and it was observed that the aridity index tend to decrease for all stations used in the study. (Şarlak & Mahmood Agha, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aridity Index Based on Temperature and Rainfall Data for Kurdistan Region-Iraq

Mustafa

2018

juod

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Aridity index is a numerical indicator of the degree of dryness of the climate at a given location. Time series of annual precipitation, minimum and maximum temperature records for 22 meteorological stations in Kurdistan region-Iraq were collected from different agencies. In Kurdistan region-Iraq neither aridity index non it's trend have been studied, therefore the purpose of this paper is to document the range of an aridity index, called De Martonne's aridity index (I DM) and to find the trend of aridity index using Mann-Kendal nonparametric test. Spatial zoning of the region was done using inverse distance weight (IDW) interpolation method by ArcGIS software. Results showed that different types of climate in the region were appeared however most of the study area falls in the range of semi-arid zone. Seasonal aridity showed that Kurdistan region-Iraq has extremely humid climate in winter and arid climate in summer. The De Martonne aridity index, average precipitation and average temperature were drawn for 10, 20 and 30 years according to availability of the data. Aridity index for 30 years from De Martonne were compared with two other indices and the results were very close. Trend analyses were performed for precipitation, temperature, and aridity index for the average data of 10, 20, and 30 years. Results revealed that for 10 year duration Dukan temperature has significant increasing trend at the 95% confidence level. It can be concluded that the last decade (2006-2015) undergo insignificant increasing in precipitation and temperature. For 20 year duration Dukan and Hawler temperature showed significant increasing trend at the 95% confidence level. For 30 year duration all stations temperature increased, Dukan precipitation showed decreasing trend while Dukan aridity index showed increasing trend significantly at the 95% confidence level. Increased significant trends at the 95% confidence level for temperature appears at both short and long durations (10, 20 and 30 years) while precipitation and aridity index trends appear only in long duration (30 years).

show abstract

Spatial and temporal variations of aridity indices in Iraq

Cited by 46 publications

References 11 publications

Spatial Shift of Aridity and Its Impact on Land Use of Syria

Spatial Shift of Aridity and Its Impact on Land Use of Syria

Analysis of changes trend in spatial and temporal pattern of drought over south of Iran using standardized precipitation index (SPI)

Aridity Index Based on Temperature and Rainfall Data for Kurdistan Region-Iraq

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About