Spatial awareness is a function of the temporal not the posterior parietal lobe

Karnath, Hans‐Otto; Ferber, Susanne; Himmelbach, Marc

doi:10.1038/35082075

Cited by 729 publications

(449 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…More speci®cally, the right temporoparietal junction might be concerned with the process of target detection, particularly when targets appear at an unattended location [151], and consequently require an attentional shift in order to be detected. This evidence is consistent with the ®ndings of a disengage de®cit in patients with lesions of the temporoparietal junction [106], and of damage to the right superior temporal lobe in a group of patients with left unilateral neglect [2].…”

Section: Impaired Exogenous Orienting In Unilateral Neglect: Implicatsupporting

confidence: 89%

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Orienting of attention in left unilateral neglect

Bartolomeo

Chokron

2002

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews

286

137

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After right posterior brain damage, patients may ignore events occurring on their left, a condition known as unilateral neglect. Although de®cits at different levels of impairment may be at work in different patients, the frequency and severity of attentional problems in neglect patients have been repeatedly underlined. Recent advances in the knowledge of the mechanisms of spatial attention in normals may help characterizing these de®cits. The present review focuses on studies exploring several aspect of attentional processing in unilateral neglect, with particular reference to the dichotomy between`exogenous', or stimulus-related, and`endogenous', or strategy-driven, orienting of attention. A large amount of neuropsychological evidence suggests that a basic mechanism leading to left neglect behavior is an impaired exogenous orienting toward left-sided targets. In contrast, endogenous processes seem to be relatively preserved, if slowed, in left unilateral neglect. Other component de®cits, such as a general slowing of the operations of spatial attention, might contribute to neglect behavior. These results are presented and discussed, and their implications for hemispheric specialization in attentional orienting and for the mechanisms of visual consciousness are explored. q

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Section: Impaired Exogenous Orienting In Unilateral Neglect: Implicatsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…Left unilateral neglect is a severe disabling condition resulting from right-hemisphere damage, usually centered on the inferior parietal lobule [1] or on the superior temporal lobe [2]. Neglect patients ignore events occurring on their left ( Fig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Orienting of attention in left unilateral neglect

Bartolomeo

Chokron

2002

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews

286

137

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“…Putamen, pulvinar, and the head of the caudate nucleus are the subcortical structures that exert perceptual spatial orientation in man. 5,18 Damage to these structures of the right hemisphere leads to considerable signs of neglect. STN efferents to the putamen and the head of the caudate nucleus might influence spatial orientation via these subcortical nuclei.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This asymmetrical manifestation of a neglect in our study can be explained by the righthemispheric lateralization of visuospatial control in human species 62 and might be related to the right hemispheric dominance of space orientation. 5,63 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Change in artistic expression related to subthalamic stimulation

Witt¹,

Krack²,

Deuschl³

2006

J Neurol

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While the role of frontal and parietal cortex in spatial orientation has been studied extensively, the contribution of the basal ganglia and especially the subthalamic nucleus to spatial orientation remains less clear. Here we use subthalamic nucleus (STN) deep brain stimulation (DBS) in Parkinson's disease (PD) as a reversible model of functional lesioning to evaluate the influence of the STN in extrapersonal space orientation. To this end, 12 PD patients were examined 1 year after implantation of DBS electrodes in the STN after overnight withdrawal of L-dopa. Patients were tested in a pseudorandomized order while both stimulators, the right only, the left only, or no stimulator, were switched on. Patients performed line bisection and a reaction time task responding to stimuli of the middle, the left, and the right extrapersonal space. A separate assessment of the right and left hand responding to visual stimuli in each hemispace made it possible to distinguish hemispatial and hemimotor impairments. No asymmetries in space orientation were found when both stimulators were switched OFF, when both stimulators were switched ON, and when only the right stimulator was switched ON. When only the left subthalamic stimulation was switched ON, the reaction times of both hands to visual stimuli in the left extrapersonal hemispace increased significantly and the line bisection test showed a significant orientation to the right. These results lead to the conclusion that the STN and its cortical projections influence the network involved in visuospatial orientation. These patterns of symptoms of neglect demonstrate the influence of the STN on the attentional system of the nondominant hemisphere.

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A Comparative Study of Primary and Secondary Hemifacial Spasm

Colosimo¹,

Bologna²,

Lamberti³

et al. 2006

Arch Neurol

112

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Background: Hemifacial spasm (HFS) is a common movement disorder.Objective: To evaluate possible differences in the demographic and clinical features between primary and secondary HFS.Design: In-person interview using a standardized questionnaire to collect demographic and clinical data.Setting: A multicenter study that included patients with HFS attending 3 Italian academic centers.Patients: Two hundred fourteen patients with HFS.Main Outcome Measure: A complete neurological examination assessed the current muscle distribution of spasm and the presence of synkinetic movements between upper and lower facial muscles. Results:The study sample comprised 214 patients with HFS, 81 men and 133 women, having a mean±SD age of 65.9±12.3 years; 164 patients were classified as having primary HFS and 50 patients (48 postparalytic and 2 symptomatic cases) were classified as having secondary HFS. Patients with primary and those with secondary HFS had similar mean±SD ages at onset (54.9±13.5 vs 57.0±12.8 years), male-female ratios (63:101 vs 18: 32), right-sided-left-sided HFS (77:86 [1 bilateral] vs 21:28 [1 bilateral]), and frequencies of familial cases (2.9% vs 2.0%), respectively. Most patients (65.0%) with primary HFS had initial symptoms of periocular muscle contractions alone and had subsequent involvement of the lower facial muscles. Most patients (72.0%) with secondary HFS reported initial involvement of the upper and lower facial muscles simultaneously. Signs of synkinesis were present in primary (43.3%) and secondary (58.0%) HFS.Conclusions: Patients with primary and those with secondary HFS share common demographic and clinical features, including sex distribution, age at onset, affected side of HFS, synkinesis, and rarity of familial cases. Signs of synkinesis were present in significant proportions of patients with primary or secondary HFS. The 2 forms differed in clinical presentation.

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Spatial awareness is a function of the temporal not the posterior parietal lobe

Cited by 729 publications

References 22 publications

Orienting of attention in left unilateral neglect

Orienting of attention in left unilateral neglect

Change in artistic expression related to subthalamic stimulation

A Comparative Study of Primary and Secondary Hemifacial Spasm

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