Spatial control of exocytosis

Spiliotis, Elias T.; Nelson, W. James

doi:10.1016/s0955-0674(03)00074-7

Cited by 33 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 74 publications

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“…Septins are GTP-binding proteins that form homo and heteropolymers capable of associating with membranes and the actin and microtubule cytoskeleton (Spiliotis and Nelson, 2003). Septin 6 and 7 have been implicated in axon collateral branching through regulation of the axonal cytoskeleton (Ageta-Ishihara et al, 2013; Hu et al, 2012).…”

Section: Additional Regulators Of Cytoskeletal Crosstalk and Organmentioning

confidence: 99%

Actin filament-microtubule interactions in axon initiation and branching

Pacheco

Gallo

2016

Brain Research Bulletin

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Neurons begin life as spherical cells. A major hallmark of neuronal development is the formation of elongating processes from the cell body which subsequently differentiate into dendrites and the axon. The formation and later development of neuronal processes is achieved through the concerted organization of actin filaments and microtubules. Here, we review the literature regarding recent advances in the understanding of cytoskeletal interactions in neurons focusing on the initiation of processes from neuronal cell bodies and the collateral branching of axons. The complex crosstalk between cytoskeletal elements is mediated by a cohort of proteins that either bind both cytoskeletal systems or allow one to regulate the other. Recent studies have highlighted the importance of microtubule plus-tip proteins in the regulation of the dynamics and organization of actin filaments, while also providing a mechanism for the subcellular capture and guidance of microtubule tips by actin filaments. Although the understanding of cytoskeletal crosstalk and interactions in neuronal morphogenesis has advanced significantly in recent years, the appreciation of the neuron as an integrated cytoskeletal system remains a frontier.

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Section: Additional Regulators Of Cytoskeletal Crosstalk and Organmentioning

confidence: 99%

Actin filament-microtubule interactions in axon initiation and branching

Pacheco

Gallo

2016

Brain Research Bulletin

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“…This process involves the coordinated action of adhesion molecules, actin remodeling and spatial organization of membrane traffic (for reviews, see Spiliotis and Nelson, 2003;Zahraoui et al, 2000). Several polarity protein complexes are known to act in a spatio-temporal manner to build the apical and lateral domains of epithelial cells in Drosophila.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

PATJ connects and stabilizes apical and lateral components of tight junctions in human intestinal cells

Didier

Arsanto

Massey-Harroche

et al. 2005

Journal of Cell Science

131

112

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The Crumbs complex that also contains the cortical proteins Stardust and DPATJ (a homologue of PATJ), is crucial for the building of epithelial monolayers in Drosophila. Although loss of function of the Crumbs or Stardust genes prevents the stabilization of a belt of adherens junctions at the apico-lateral border of the cells, no phenotype has been described for the Dpatj gene and its role in epithelial morphogenesis and polarity remains unknown. We have produced downregulated PATJ stable lines of Caco2 to clarify its role in epithelial morphogenesis. In PATJ knockdown cells, Pals1 (a Stardust homologue) is no longer associated with tight junctions whereas Crumbs3 (Crb3) is accumulated into a compartment spatially close to the apical membrane and related to early endosomes. Furthermore, occludin and ZO-3, two proteins of tight junctions are mislocalized on the lateral membrane indicating that PATJ plays a novel role in the building of tight junctions by providing a link between their lateral and apical components. Thus, PATJ stabilizes the Crb3 complex and regulates the spatial concentration of several components at the border between the apical and lateral domains.

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“…Constitutive secretion, by contrast, occurs in most cells and is not under tight temporal control. Polarized cells, such as epithelial cells and neurons, use spatial control of where vesicles fuse to produce plasma membranes of different composition and function (19). A long postulated hypothesis is that vesicle delivery to the leading edge can promote cell migration (20).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A long postulated hypothesis is that vesicle delivery to the leading edge can promote cell migration (20). The exocytosis near the front edge is conceptually attractive as it could promote focal membrane expansion (19)(20)(21)(22). Increasing evidence suggests that membrane traffic and its spatial reorganization are indeed involved in the cellular processes of cytokinesis (23) and cell migration (24)(25)(26)(27).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Exocyst is involved in polarized cell migration and cerebral cortical development

Letinić

Sebastián

Toomre

et al. 2009

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Neuronal migration is essential for proper development of the cerebral cortex. As a first step, a postmitotic cell extends its leading process, presumably by adding new membrane at the growing tip, which would enable directed locomotion. The goal of the present study was to determine if biosynthetic exocytic pathway is polarized in migrating cells and whether polarized exocytosis promotes directed cell migration. A promising candidate for controlling the spatial sites of vesicle tethering and fusion at the plasma membrane is a protein complex called the exocyst. We found that cell migration in a wound assay, as well as cortical neuronal migration during embryonic development was impaired when the exocyst was disturbed. By combining TIRF microscopy and a stochastic model of exocytosis, we found that vesicle exocytosis is preferentially distributed close to the leading edge of polarized cells, that the exocytic process is organized into hotspots, and that the polarized delivery of vesicles and their clustering in hotspots depend on the intact exocyst complex. The exocyst complex seems to achieve this spatial regulation by determining the sites at the membrane where secretory vesicles tether. Thus, our study supports the notion that polarized membrane traffic regulated by the exocyst is an essential component of cell migration and that its deficit may lead to cortical abnormalities involving cortical neuronal malpositioning.astrocyte ͉ cell polarization ͉ membrane trafficking ͉ neuronal ectopia ͉ neuronal migration

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Spatial control of exocytosis

Cited by 33 publications

References 74 publications

Actin filament-microtubule interactions in axon initiation and branching

Actin filament-microtubule interactions in axon initiation and branching

PATJ connects and stabilizes apical and lateral components of tight junctions in human intestinal cells

Exocyst is involved in polarized cell migration and cerebral cortical development

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