Spatial Dimensions of Social Capital

Foster, Kirk A.; Pitner, Ronald O.; Freedman, Darcy A.; Bell, Bethany A.; Shaw, Todd C.

doi:10.1111/cico.12133

Cited by 31 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…According to the existing literature, accumulation of social capital and developing its leveraging functions can take place through collective actions within a community and through utilizing neighborhood resources (Briggs ; Cleaver ; Collier ; Dominguez ; Foster et al. ; Granberry and Torres ; Lin ; Narayan‐Parker ). The accumulation of bonding social capital among participants was facilitated by developing informal bonds through existing formal ones.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Getting by in New York City: Bonding, Bridging and Linking Capital in Poverty–Impacted Neighborhoods

et al. 2019

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A lack or low level of social capital is associated with negative outcomes for communities impacted by poverty. However, less is known about how different types of social capital operate on the ground in poverty‐impacted urban neighborhoods. This article explores the ways in which bonding, bridging, and linking capital manifest among residents of two poverty‐impacted neighborhoods in New York City. Findings of the study reveal that urban neighborhood characteristics, more than individual‐level factors, compromise the ability to develop and utilize the leveraging role of bridging and linking capital. Lack of safety resulted in limited trust, and involvement in community life limit bonding capital. Opportunities for bridging are restricted by the socioeconomically homogenous and spatially segregated nature of the communities. Linking capital is undermined by the lack of resources in the neighborhoods. These structural barriers prevent communities from breaking the cycle of poverty and should be explicitly targeted when developing interventions focused on building social capital.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Getting by in New York City: Bonding, Bridging and Linking Capital in Poverty–Impacted Neighborhoods

et al. 2019

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“…People still identify their attachment with physical space (Westlund, Rutten, & Boekema, ) and use space in different manners in their daily life. These uses shape how they conceive the world and their location in it (Foster, Pitner, Freedman, Bell, & Shaw, ), influencing how individuals perceive themselves (Gotham & Brumley, ) and influence our social relationships (Simms, ). Place definition, usually applied by geographers, comprises the SOP dimension.…”

Section: Background: the Non‐spatial Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

Place and city: Operationalizing sense of place and social capital in the urban context

Acedo

Paìnho

Casteleyn

2017

Transactions in GIS

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The academic interest in social concepts in city contexts, such as sense of place and social capital, has been growing in the last decades. We present a systematic literature review that confirms the strong relationship between sense of place and social capital, from a social sciences point-of-view. It also reveal that little attention has been paid to their spatial dimensions at the urban level, thereby missing the chance to exploit socio-spatial knowledge to improve the day-to-day life in and functioning of the city (e.g. in planning processes, citizen participation, civic engagement). We therefore examine sense of place and social capital from a Geographic Information Science (GISc) viewpoint, and present a formal conceptualization and initial theoretical framework which explicitly describes both concepts, and the relation between them, within the context of a city and from a spatial point of view. | INTRODUCTIONSeventeen years have passed since Robert Putnam (2000) pointed out the potential of understanding social capital (SC) as a geographical concept. Since then, more authors have recognized the urgency of a better spatial understanding of the environmental psychological concept "sense of place" (SOP) (Jorgensen & Stedman, 2011;Stedman, 2003).Currently, governments and cities are starting to see the importance of the ability of citizens, firms and organizations to manage and be aware of their spatial footprint in the city (Roche, 2014). On the other hand, in Geographic Information Science (GISc), the importance of place seems to have grown with the development of new concepts such as Volunteered Geographic Information (VGI) (Goodchild, 2007), geosocial applications, Geoweb 2.0 and other related concepts. Hence, interesting and potentially useful connections are emerging between social science concepts (SOP and SC) and cities from a GISc point of view, that, nowadays, we are not able to operationalize. Fortunately, the surge of smart cities, with associated Information and Communication Technology (ICT) research and tools, allows new ways to manage the urban environment, which enables new channels of communication. Moreover, geospatial technologies are omnipresent in these new tools, thus demonstrating the growth of interest in the spatial dimension of social con- are often disconnected from society's needs and aspirations (Calzada & Cobo, 2015;Vanolo, 2016). The spatial inclusion in the urban context of citizens' social aspects, such as our feelings, perceptions, and behaviors, form the path toward citizen-centric models and frameworks based on a social-spatial view of a city; that is, it provides an understanding of the social domain (SOP and SC) and its spatial dimensions. Furthermore, we emphasize that GISc can help in compensating for this pervasive lack of social-spatial analysis, by providing theoretical foundation and practical tools to represent and map subjective feelings and experiences.Nowadays, cities use their hierarchical administrative boundaries to deliver their policies and actions...

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“…People are more likely to be comfortable in and feel a personal connection to places they frequent regularly and consider part of their neighborhood (Foster et al 2015;Jorgensen 2010). People are more likely to be comfortable in and feel a personal connection to places they frequent regularly and consider part of their neighborhood (Foster et al 2015;Jorgensen 2010).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Small (2004) also argues that the large commercial street that lines the Villa Victoria neighborhood in Boston plays an important role in how residents understood the boundaries of that neighborhood. A recent study of public housing residents argues that frequent use of nearby commercial retail areas leads some residents to expand the spatial definition of their neighborhood (Foster et al 2015). A recent study of public housing residents argues that frequent use of nearby commercial retail areas leads some residents to expand the spatial definition of their neighborhood (Foster et al 2015).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…For example, researchers using this same Making Connections Survey find that on average, residents drew neighborhoods that were substantially smaller than census tracts and that respondents with higher incomes, more education, and longer residence drew larger subjective neighborhoods (Coulton et al 2013; see also Foster et al 2015). For example, researchers using this same Making Connections Survey find that on average, residents drew neighborhoods that were substantially smaller than census tracts and that respondents with higher incomes, more education, and longer residence drew larger subjective neighborhoods (Coulton et al 2013; see also Foster et al 2015).…”

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confidence: 99%

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School Location, Social Ties, and Perceived Neighborhood Boundaries

Burdick–Will

2018

City & Community

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Local organizations can serve as landmarks that orient residents' understanding of space and foster social ties through regular and repeated interaction. Depending on their location, schools can serve as local social anchors or pull families who live in the same neighborhood in different directions. This study examines the extent to which the geographic location of schools shapes how residents view their social and spatial connection to their own residential neighborhood. Specifically, I use GIS, descriptive statistics, and regressions with neighborhood fixed-effects to analyze the Making Connections Survey of 28 low-income neighborhoods in 10 different cities. The results show that residents who have a child attending a school inside their neighborhood report living in a closer-knit community and knowing more of their kids' friends. Residents also shift their perception of their neighborhoods' geographic boundaries in the direction of the school their child attends.

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Spatial Dimensions of Social Capital

Cited by 31 publications

References 70 publications

Getting by in New York City: Bonding, Bridging and Linking Capital in Poverty–Impacted Neighborhoods

Getting by in New York City: Bonding, Bridging and Linking Capital in Poverty–Impacted Neighborhoods

Place and city: Operationalizing sense of place and social capital in the urban context

School Location, Social Ties, and Perceived Neighborhood Boundaries

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