Spatial distribution and anthropogenic threats facing medicinal plant Zanthoxylum chalybeum in Simanjiro Area, Northern Tanzania.

Mbinile, Scholastica D.; Ngondya, Issakwisa Bernard; Ndakidemi, Patrick A.

doi:10.1016/j.sciaf.2020.e00562

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…For centuries, medicine plants have played a therapeutic role in the lives of millions of people in developing countries worldwide, and in sub-Saharan African regions, in particular. In addition, it has been reported that, due to their bioactive organic chemical compounds content, also referred to as phytochemicals, these plants have been able to play a defensive role against major chronic ailments in both host-metabolic or genetic dysfunctional and infectious diseases, thus making them beneficial for human and animal health [86,87]. In sub-Saharan African countries (Figure 1), millions of people depend on medicinal plants for their primary healthcare therapy for obvious reasons such as, these people are inhabitants who live closer to the natural vegetation such as forests, with an estimated 216,634,000 ha of closed forest [12] and savannas_ the later having been reported to be rich in biodiversity with an estimated 71% of vegetation of these ecosystems being medicinal plants, the easy and free access to these plants, as well as the prohibitive cost of orthodox products [87,88].…”

Section: Pfass As a Threat To Sub-saharan African Medicinal Plantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Basically, the global deforestation rate stands at 0.6%, but this rate is at 6.5%, 5.0% and 2.1% in sub-Saharan Africa for countries such as the Cote d'Ivoire, Nigeria and the DRC respectively [12,94]. Additionally, sub-Saharan African medicinal plants are affected by unsustainable harvesting methods [7,11,13,16,87], fires, wattle expansion or eradication program and grazing [7,87], coupled with human settlement expansions, including urbanization, as well as inexistent or weak legislations and/or enforcement failure of existing rules and regulations [16].…”

Section: Pfass As a Threat To Sub-saharan African Medicinal Plantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Medicinal Plants Threatened by Undocumented Emerging Pollutants: The Sub-Saharan African Viewpoint

Mudumbi¹,

Itoba-Tombo²,

Ntwampe³

et al. 2022

Medicinal Plants

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The history of medicinal plants on the African continent is huge, the oldest and probably the most diverse, for there are thousands of spoken languages, in the sub-Saharan African region, that are used during the traditional practices that utilize medicinal plants for healing purposes. However, our lines of research have exhibited a potential unprecedented threat to this remarkable history of African medicinal plants by emerging pollutants, the per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs), which are yet to be efficiently and sufficiently reported and documented on in this region. Accordingly, this review chapter reports on sub-Saharan African medicinal plants with the aim of highlighting how undocumented PFASs, in this region, present a huge threat to the extraordinary diversity of these plants and the therapy that they have assisted the low-income populations of this region with for centuries. Thus, we recommend appropriate and regular assessments and monitoring of PFASs, particularly perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) the most studied of these substances and their substitutes, in medicinal plants of the region, for these chemicals have been scientifically proven to be associated to numerous health concerns. The region should also consider properly regulating these compounds.

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Section: Pfass As a Threat To Sub-saharan African Medicinal Plantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Pfass As a Threat To Sub-saharan African Medicinal Plantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Medicinal Plants Threatened by Undocumented Emerging Pollutants: The Sub-Saharan African Viewpoint

Mudumbi¹,

Itoba-Tombo²,

Ntwampe³

et al. 2022

Medicinal Plants

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“…However, MPs are at risk in the country due to various factors such as debarking, uprooting and branch cutting (Mbinile et al. 2020 ), as well as deforestation, degradation, expansion of agriculture, climate change, habitat loss, urbanization, and the use of plants for firewood and charcoal (Kacholi and Mvungi 2021 ). Additionally, traditional knowledge is greatly threatened due to the lack of a written record (Kacholi and Amir 2022 ) and conservative inheritance patterns (Hu et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Herbal remedies used by traditional healers to treat haemorrhoids in Tabora region, Tanzania

Kacholi

Amir

2022

Pharmaceutical Biology

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Context Haemorrhoids are one of the most common gastrointestinal disorders in humans. In Tanzania, particularly in the Tabora region, medicinal plants (MPs) are used by traditional healers (THs) to treat haemorrhoids, but no study has explicitly attempted to compile these treatments. Objective This study documents MPs used by THs of the Tabora region in Tanzania to treat haemorrhoids. Materials and methods A semi-structured questionnaire was used to gather ethnobotanical data from 44 THs on MPs used to treat haemorrhoids, parts used, preparation methods and administration routes. The collected ethnobotanical data were analysed by computing percentage frequencies and relative frequency citations. Results Twenty-six MPs belonging to 19 families and 25 genera, used to manage haemorrhoids, were documented. Fabaceae was the dominant family (four species), whereas shrubs constituted a high proportion (38.46%) of the MPs, and the root was the most (30.3%) utilized plant part. Decoction (38.5%) and topical application (53.8%) were the most preferred preparation and administration techniques. Most MP materials (76.9%) were sourced from the wild. Aloe vera (L.) Burm.f. (Asphodelaceae) (68%), followed by Allium sativum L. (Alliaceae) (66%) and Psidium guajava L. (Myrtaceae) (66%) were the most utilized MPs. Among the recorded MPs, 12 are reported for the first time for the treatment of haemorrhoids. The recorded MPs are believed to possess anti-inflammatory properties that aid in managing inflammation associated with bowel diseases, including haemorrhoids. Conclusions This study has documented valuable MPs used to manage haemorrhoids and provides a basis for further studies to discover efficient and affordable anti-haemorrhoid drugs.

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“…The survey involved a total of 181 respondents from the three study villages (Loiborsiret 61, Narakauo 60 and Kimotorok 60). The sampling fraction constituted at least 5% of individuals in the population who fit the study criteria (Mbinile et al, 2020b). The interviews were conducted in Swahili language which is widely spoken throughout Tanzania.…”

Section: Description Of the Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Status and potential role of rangeland insect pollinators for pastoralist livelihood diversification in northern Tanzania

Thomas

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Pollinators provide ecosystem services that support other living organisms. However, they are currently threatened by land use changes including habitat fragmentation. In Tanzania, Maasai rangelands are under pressure from population increase, habitat fragmentation and decline in grazing areas that cause overgrazing. Little is known about local Maasai knowledge on pollinator communities and how they are affected by grazing management in semi-arid rangelands in Tanzania. Semi structured questionnaires, key informant interviews and focus group discussions were used during the survey in order to understand local knowledge of insect pollinators. Findings revealed varied pollinator identification skills, with males having higher skills (χ 2 = 6.319, P = 0.042) compared with females. Honey bee, Apis mellifera was the most important pollinator as reported by 93% of males and 78% of females. Beekeeping contributed to livelihood diversification for 61% of respondents, with women participating more frequently in this activitiy than men (χ 2 = 46.96, P = 0.0001). Ultraviolet (UV) white, yellow and blue pan traps were used to trap insects in four different grazing management, namely private and communal enclosures, wet and dry season grazing areas. Pan trapping was further supplemented by a standardized sweep netting method. Findings showed that environmental factors and grazing management affected insect pollinators. Insect abundance, diversity and richness varied with seasonality, whereby the mean number of insect abundance was significantly higher (χ² = 136.77, P < 0.0001) during the wet (148 ± 70.57) compared with the dry season (17 ± 7.14). Moreover, flower abundance (χ² = 3.5, P = 0.05) and percentage herbaceous cover (χ² = 5.99, P = 0.015) influenced pollinators. Private enclosure management category contained significantly more pollinators (χ² = 27.63, P < 0.001) compared with the communal dry grazing area. The study also investigated pollinator-plant interactions to understand the foraging preference of bees and other pollinators. Aspilia mossambiensis and Justicia debile were the most preferred plants. The most common visitors were honey bees and butterflies. Pollinator networks showed that enclosures contained larger networks compared with open rangelands. The study concludes that the Maasai community have limited knowledge of pollinator ecosystems services. In addition, traditional range management especially the use of enclosures is an important tool towards the conservation of insect pollinators in semi arid rangelands threatened by overgrazing and degradation

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Spatial distribution and anthropogenic threats facing medicinal plant Zanthoxylum chalybeum in Simanjiro Area, Northern Tanzania.

Cited by 8 publications

References 28 publications

Medicinal Plants Threatened by Undocumented Emerging Pollutants: The Sub-Saharan African Viewpoint

Medicinal Plants Threatened by Undocumented Emerging Pollutants: The Sub-Saharan African Viewpoint

Herbal remedies used by traditional healers to treat haemorrhoids in Tabora region, Tanzania

Status and potential role of rangeland insect pollinators for pastoralist livelihood diversification in northern Tanzania

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