Spatial distribution and enrichment of mercury in surface sediments off the northwest coast of Baja California, Mexico

Gutiérrez-Galindo, E.A.; Casas-Beltrán, DA; Muñoz-Barbosa, A; Macías-Zamora, JV; Segovia-Zavala, J.A.; Orozco-Borbón, M.V.; Daesslé, Luis Walter

doi:10.7773/cm.v33i4.1234

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Esta característica hace que las aguas de surgencia se encuentren enriquecidas con algunos metales y constituyan la principal fuente de estos metales a las zonas costeras (Cossa et al 2004, Valdés et al 2006 donde se encuentran los organismos marinos. Se sabe además que algunos metales se concentran en la materia orgánica, sedimentos lacustres y oceánicos, nódulos de manganeso y fosforitas marinas, estando entonces biodisponibles tanto para los organismos productores como los consumidores una vez llegada la época de surgencia (Gutiérrez-Galindo et al 1999, Muñoz-Barbosa et al 2000, Fernandez et al 2006, Martín-Díaz et al 2006, Prego et al 2006, Gutiérrez-Galindo et al 2007. Adefemi et al (2007) señalan que el alto contenido de algunos metales en las zonas costeras está asociado con los procesos de Table 1.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…and consumer organisms once the upwelling season begins (Gutiérrez-Galindo et al 1999, Muñoz-Barbosa et al 2000, Martín-Díaz et al 2006, Prego et al 2006, Gutiérrez-Galindo et al 2007. Adefemi et al (2007) report that the high content of some metals in coastal areas is associated with the upwelling generated by increased marine currents, causing sediment particle removal to the water column.…”

Section: Maturitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mercury levels in Perna viridis from the north coast of Sucre State, Venezuela

Rojas

Lemus²,

Rojas

et al. 2009

Cienc. Mar.

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Se determinaron los niveles de mercurio en el mejillón verde, Perna viridis, provenientes de dos zonas del Estado Sucre (Venezuela), Chacopata y Río Caribe. Los especimenes de P. viridis fueron capturados en la zona intermareal de febrero a diciembre de 2003. Los ejemplares presentaron tallas comprendidas entre 18 y 113 mm de longitud anteroposterior y fueron caracterizados de acuerdo con su madurez sexual en juveniles y adultos. La determinación del mercurio se realizó por espectrofotometría de absorción atómica y los valores fueron validados con estándares certificados. En ambas localidades se encontraron variaciones estacionales significativas; en Chacopata la mayor concentración de mercurio se encontró durante febrero, con un promedio de 0.432 ± 0.472 µg g-1 p.s., mientras que en Río Caribe ésta fue de 1.129 ± 0.763 µg g-1 p.s. durante abril. No se evidenció relación entre los niveles de mercurio y la madurez sexual en la localidad de Chacopata, pero sí en Rio Caribe donde los organismos inmaduros presentaron las mayores concentraciones (0.471 ± 0.679 y 0.688 ± 0.894 µg g-1 p.s. para machos y hembras, respectivamente).

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Section: Discussionunclassified

Section: Maturitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Mercury levels in Perna viridis from the north coast of Sucre State, Venezuela

Rojas

Lemus²,

Rojas

et al. 2009

Cienc. Mar.

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Mercury in the Atmospheric and Coastal Environments of Mexico

Ruelas-Inzunza¹,

Delgado-Alvarez

Frías-Espericueta

et al. 2013

Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology Volume 226

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In Mexico, published studies relating to the occurrence of Hg in the environment are limited. Among the main sources of Hg in Mexico are mining and refining of Auand Hg, chloralkali plants, Cu smelting, residential combustion of wood, carbo electric plants, and oil refineries. Hg levels are highly variable in the atmospheric compartment because of the atmospheric dynamics and ongoing metal exchange with the terrestrial surface. In atmospheric studies, Hg levels are usually reported as total gaseous Hg (TGM). In Mexico, TGM values ranged from 1.32 ng m-3 in Hidalgo state (a rural agricultural area) to 71.82 ng m-3 in Zacatecas state (an area where brick manufacturers use mining wastes as a raw material).Published information on mercury levels in the coastal environment comprise 21 studies, representing 21 areas, in which sediments constituted the substrate that was analyzed for Hg. In addition, water samples were analyzed for Hg in nine studies.Few studies exist on Hg levels in the Caribbean and in the southwest of the country where tourism is rapidly increasing. Hence, there is a need for establishing baseline levels of mercury in these increasingly visited areas. In regions where studies have been undertaken, Hg levels in sediments were highly variable. Variations in Hg sediment levels mainly result from geological factors and the varying degree of anthropogenic impacts in the studied areas. In areas that still have pristine or nearly pristine environments (e.g., coast, Baja California, Todos Santos Bay, and La Paz lagoon), sediment Hg levels ranged from <0.006 to 0.35 j.lg g-1 on a dry wt basis.When higher levels exist (0.34-57.94 j.lg g-1 on a dry wt basis), the environment generally shows the influence of inputs from mining, oil processing, agriculture,geothermal events, or harmful algal bloom events (e.g., Guaymas Bay and Coatzacoalcos estuary). From chronological studies performed in selected coastal lagoons in NW Mexico, it is clear that Hg fluxes to sediments have increased from2- to 15-fold in recent years. Since the 1940s, historical increases of Hg fluxes have resulted from higher agricultural waste releases and exhaust from the thermo electric plants. The levels of Hg in water reveal a moderate to elevated contamination of some Mexican coastal sites. In Urias lagoon (NW Mexico), moderate to high levels were found in the dissolved and suspended fraction, and these are related to shipping, the fishing industry, domestic effluents, and the presence of a thermoelectric plant. In Coatzacoalcos (SE Mexico), extremely elevated Hg levels were found during the decade of the 1970s. Low to moderate levels of Hg were measured in waters from the Alvarado lagoon (SE Mexico); those concentrations appear to be associated with river waters that became enriched with organic matter and suspended solids inthe brackish mixing zone.Regarding the Hg content in invertebrates, the use of bivalves (oysters and mussels)as biomonitors must be established along the coastal zones of Mexico, because some coastal lagoons have not be...

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