Spatial distribution and partition of perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) in rivers of the Pearl River Delta, southern China

Liu, Baolin; Zhang, Hong; Xie, Luhua; Li, Juying; Wang, Xinxuan; Zhao, Liang; Wang, Yanping; Yang, Bo

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.04.004

Cited by 72 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…However, organic contaminants, such as polychlorinated dibenzo- p -dioxins/furans (PCDD/Fs) [56], dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethanes (DDTs) [57], halogenated flame retardants (HFRs) [22], and perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) [58] may also be present in these soils. Thus, the actual pollution level of soils around industrial sites might be higher than those indicated by the above results.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Distribution and Health Risk Assessment of Metals in Soils in the Vicinity of Industrial Sites in Dongguan, China

Liu

Huang

et al. 2016

IJERPH

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Exponential industrialization and rapid urbanization have resulted in contamination of soil by metals from anthropogenic sources in Dongguan, China. The aims of this research were to determine the concentration and distribution of various metals (arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), mercury (Hg), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn)) in soils and identify their potential health risks for local residents. A total of 106 soil samples were collected from the vicinity of industrial sites in Dongguan. Two types of samples were collected from each site: topsoil (0–20 cm, TS) and shallow soil (20–50 cm, SS). Results showed that the soils were contaminated by metals and pollution was mainly focused on TS. The geoaccumulation index (Igeo) and pollution indexes (PI) implied that there was a slight increase in the concentrations of Cd, Cu, Hg, Ni, and Pb, but the metal pollution caused by industrial activities was less severe, and elements of As and Cr exhibited non-pollution level. The risk assessment results suggested that there was a potential health risk associated with As and Cr exposure for residents because the carcinogenic risks of As and Cr via corresponding exposure pathways exceeded the safety limit of 10−6 (the acceptable level of carcinogenic risk for humans). Furthermore, oral ingestion and inhalation of soil particles are the main exposure pathways for As and Cr to enter the human body. This study may provide basic information of metal pollution control and human health protection in the vicinity of industrial regions.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Distribution and Health Risk Assessment of Metals in Soils in the Vicinity of Industrial Sites in Dongguan, China

Liu

Huang

et al. 2016

IJERPH

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“…From 2004 to 2006, production of PFOS increased more than 3 times and reached 200 tons per year in China . PFAAs were highly detectable in rivers and lakes − in China, with higher levels in areas with well-developed manufacturing industries. One of our previous studies monitored PFAAs in human milk from 12 provinces of China in 2007 and found a fairly high level of PFAAs, especially PFOA, in Shanghai, where the PFOA concentration in human milk was much higher than the biomonitoring data from the U.S.A., Japan, and Germany …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Exposure of Chinese Adults to Perfluoroalkyl Acids via Animal-Origin Foods: Chinese Total Diet Study (2005–2007 and 2011–2013)

Wang

Liu

et al. 2019

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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Diet has been regarded as the main exposure source of perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs), but the national dietary survey of PFAAs in China was limited. Here, eight typical PFAAs were detected in milk, aquatic food, meat, and eggs from the Chinese Total Diet Studies (TDSs) during 2005–2007 and 2011–2013. Aquatic food was found to be the main source of PFAAs among animal-origin foods. The estimated dietary intakes of ∑PFAAs from animal foods (EDIanimal‑origin foods) in coastal areas were relatively higher than in inland areas. The highest EDIanimal‑origin foods of PFOS [4.07 and 2.02 ng kg–1 of body weight (bw) day–1] and PFOA (2.19 ng kg–1 of bw day–1) found in Shanghai and perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA, 2.72 ng kg–1 of bw day–1) in Fujian approach or exceed current minimal risk levels from the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry and tolerable weekly intakes from the European Food Safety Authority, suggesting potential risk of PFAA exposure from animal-origin foods in these areas.

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“…SPM eventually settles and turns into a bed sediment. In contrast, a similar composition but a higher concentration in SPM than in the sediment was observed for PFCs in Tokyo Bay, Japan, and Pearl River, China . The preferential sorption on SPM was also reported for estrogens in the Yangtze Estuary for PAHs in the Yangtze River and for PAHs, organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in Lake Chaohu, China .…”

Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…In contrast, a similar composition but a higher concentration in SPM than in the sediment was observed for PFCs in Tokyo Bay, Japan, 12 and Pearl River, China. 31 The preferential sorption on SPM was also reported for estrogens in the Yangtze Estuary 32 for PAHs in the Yangtze River 1 and for PAHs, organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in Lake Chaohu, China. 33 Even though the number of detected neutral and hydrophobic chemicals and charged or hydrophilic chemicals was similar in both bulk SPM and sediment extracts (Figure 2B), neutral and hydrophobic chemicals contributed more to the sediment-associated pollution (>96%) than SPM-associated pollution (<40%) (Figure S7C,E).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Suspended Particulate Matter—A Source or Sink for Chemical Mixtures of Organic Micropollutants in a Small River under Baseflow Conditions?

Niu¹,

Ahlheim²,

Glaser

et al. 2021

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Suspended particulate matter (SPM) plays an important role in the fate of organic micropollutants in rivers during rain events, when sediments are remobilized and turbid runoff components enter the rivers. Under baseflow conditions, the SPM concentration is low and the contribution of SPM-bound contaminants to the overall risk of organic contaminants in rivers is assumed to be negligible. To challenge this assumption, we explored if SPM may act as a source or sink for all or specific groups of organic chemicals in a small river. The concentrations of over 600 contaminants and the mixture effects stemming from all chemicals in in vitro bioassays were measured for river water, SPM, and the surface sediment after solid-phase extraction or exhaustive solvent extraction. The bioavailable fractions of chemicals and mixture effects were estimated after passive equilibrium sampling of enriched SPM slurries and sediments in the lab. Dissolved compounds dominated the total chemical burden in the water column (water plus SPM) of the river, whereas SPM-bound chemicals contributed up to 46% of the effect burden even if the SPM concentration in rivers was merely 1 mg/L. The equilibrium between water and SPM was still not reached under low-flow conditions with SPM as a source of water contamination. The ratios of SPM-associated to sediment-associated neutral and hydrophobic chemicals as well as the ratios of the mixture effects expressed as bioanalytical equivalent concentrations were close to 1, suggesting that the surface sediment can be used as a proxy for SPM under baseflow conditions when the sampling of a large amount of water to obtain sufficient SPM cannot be realized.

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Spatial distribution and partition of perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) in rivers of the Pearl River Delta, southern China

Cited by 72 publications

References 63 publications

The Distribution and Health Risk Assessment of Metals in Soils in the Vicinity of Industrial Sites in Dongguan, China

The Distribution and Health Risk Assessment of Metals in Soils in the Vicinity of Industrial Sites in Dongguan, China

Dietary Exposure of Chinese Adults to Perfluoroalkyl Acids via Animal-Origin Foods: Chinese Total Diet Study (2005–2007 and 2011–2013)

Suspended Particulate Matter—A Source or Sink for Chemical Mixtures of Organic Micropollutants in a Small River under Baseflow Conditions?

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