Spatial distribution and temporal trends of extreme temperature and precipitation events on the Loess Plateau of China during 1961–2007

Li, Bingbing; Zheng, Fenli; Liu, Wenzhao; Flanagan, D. C.

doi:10.1016/j.quaint.2010.03.003

Cited by 180 publications

(116 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The transpiration of water by vegetation increased due to reforestation, causing the vegetation coverage on the Loess Plateau to increase from 31.6% in 1999 to 59.6% in 2013 [49]. The combination of the warming climate and decreasing precipitation in the southeastern part of the Loess Plateau (based on data from meteorological stations, which corresponded to increased vegetation cover) [50,51] will lead to an increased severity of droughts in the surface layer, which will threaten biodiversity by reducing productivity, leading to ecological degradation [1,49].…”

Section: Tendency and Changementioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of the Long-Term Mean and the Temporal Stability of Water-Energy Dynamics on China’s Terrestrial Species Richness

Cai

Guo

et al. 2017

IJGI

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Water-energy dynamics broadly regulate species richness gradients but are being altered by climate change and anthropogenic activities; however, the current methods used to quantify this phenomenon overlook the non-linear dynamics of climatic time-series data. To analyze the gradient of species richness in China using water-energy dynamics, this study used linear regression to examine how species richness is related to (1) the long-term mean of evapotranspiration (ET) and potential evapotranspiration (PET) and (2) the temporal stability of ET and PET. ET and PET were used to represent the water-energy dynamics of the terrestrial area. Changes in water-energy dynamics over the 14-year period (2000 to 2013) were also analyzed. The long-term mean of ET was strong and positively (R 2 ∈ ( 0.40 ∼ 0.67), p < 0.05) correlated with the species richness gradients. Regions in which changes in land cover have occurred over the 14-year period (2000 to 2013) were detected from long-term trends. The high level of species richness in all groups (birds, mammals, and amphibians) was associated with relatively high ET, determinism (i.e., predictability), and entropy (i.e., complexity). ET, rather than PET or temporal stability measures, was an effective proxy of species richness in regions of China that had moderate energy (PET > 1000 mm/year), especially for amphibians. In addition, predictions of species richness were improved by incorporating information on the temporal stability of ET with long-term means. Amphibians are more sensitive to the long-term ET mean than other groups due to their unique physiological requirements and evolutionary processes. Our results confirmed that ET and PET were strongly and significantly correlated with climatic and anthropogenic induced changes, providing useful information for conservation planning. Therefore, climate management based on changes to water-energy dynamics via land management practices, including reforestation, should be considered when planning methods to conserve natural resources to protect biodiversity.

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Section: Tendency and Changementioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of the Long-Term Mean and the Temporal Stability of Water-Energy Dynamics on China’s Terrestrial Species Richness

Cai

Guo

et al. 2017

IJGI

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“…Several studies found that the region-averaged annual mean temperature on the Loess Plateau increased significantly over the last fifty years, whereas the region-averaged annual precipitation showed a non-significant negative trend (Bi et al, 2009;Wang et al, 2012). In terms of climate extremes, trends in the hot-day threshold (maximum temperature 90th percentile -the 10th hottest day per season), the cold-night threshold (minimum temperature 10th percentile -the 10th coldest night per season), and the longest heatwave (maximum number of consecutive days with maximum temperature N long-term 90th percentile for each calendar day) have increased over the period 1961 to 2007, whereas the number of frost days has decreased (Li et al, 2010). Indices for extreme precipitation, such as the heavy rainfall threshold, the number of days with heavy rainfall, and the number of days with erosive rainfall (R12mm), were spatially distributed and decreased from the southeast to the northwest (Li et al, 2010;Wang et al, 2011a).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temperature and precipitation changes over the Loess Plateau between 1961 and 2011, based on high-density gauge observations

Sun

Miao

Duan

et al. 2015

Global and Planetary Change

118

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a b s t r a c t a r t i c l e i n f oThe Loess Plateau has the most serious soil erosion in China and is the main source of sediment in the Yellow River. In this study, we systematically analyzed the changes in the mean and extreme values for temperature and precipitation over the Loess Plateau between 1961 and 2011, using a gridded dataset with high-density gauge data. Statistically significant positive trends (p b 0.05) in the mean, maximum, and minimum temperature values (TM, TX, and TN) were identified in almost all regions. Warming rates increased from the southeast to the northwest of the Loess Plateau for both TM and TN; however, for TX, the greatest warming increases were observed in the southeast region. We also found general decreases in the diurnal temperature range and the number of cold nights and cold days, and increases in the length of the growing season and the number of warm days and warm nights. Moreover, relatively intense changes occurred in the high percentile ranges for both TX and TN. The total amount of precipitation on wet days decreased over a large area of the Loess Plateau, particularly in the southeast region. The inequality in the spread of precipitation over the year (temporal inequality) increased extensively over the past fifty years in the wet region. Approximately 37.60% of the total area with a reduced amount of precipitation had concurrent decreases in both the frequency and intensity of rainfall. However, approximately 37.20% of the area with a reduced amount of precipitation had decreases in the frequency but increases in the intensity of rainfall. The proportion of days with light or moderate precipitation was decreased in the wet region which mainly located in the southwest of the Loess Plateau, but there were only minor changes in extreme precipitation events. Overall, when both temperature and precipitation changes were combined, we observed that the southwest of the Loess Plateau has undergone the largest degree of climate change. Consequently, both the ecological environment and local agriculture on the Loess Plateau will suffer increased challenges: the decline in water availability will lead to more frequent droughts, yet the risk of flood and soil erosion from extreme precipitation events will not be reduced.

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“…Extreme weather and climate events have attracted more attention in the past few years due to their potentially severe and adverse impacts on human life, social economy, and natural ecosystems (Karl and Easterling 1999;Easterling et al 2000;Changnon et al 2000;Boroneant et al 2006;Rusticucci and Renom 2008;Li et al 2010). Precipitation is among the most relevant climate variables, and its study about climate extremes on a regional scale is particularly meaningful (Santos et al 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variability of extreme summer precipitation over Circum-Bohai-Sea region during 1961–2008

Jiang

Wang

et al. 2010

Theor Appl Climatol

Self Cite

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The variability of extreme summer precipitation over Circum-Bohai-Sea region during 1961-2008 was investigated based on the daily precipitation data of 63 meteorological stations using the linear regression method, the non-parametric Mann-Kendall test, and the continuous wavelet transform method. The results showed that there were large spatial differences in the trends of extreme summer precipitation indices. Decreasing trends were found in summer total precipitation, extreme precipitation frequency, intensity and proportion, the maximum consecutive wet days (CWD), and the maximum 1-and 5-day precipitation, and the largest decrease was observed in the central coast area (except CWD), although the trends were not statistically significant at the 5% level at most places. Inversely, the maximum consecutive dry days exhibited non-significant increasing trends. Additionally, the significant 2-4-year periods were detected for eight indices, showing the significant interannual variability of extreme summer precipitation. Overall, the results of this study indicated that in the last 48 years, there was severe water stress over Circum-Bohai-Sea region, especially in the central coast area, which exerted negative effects on economic development and natural ecosystems.

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Spatial distribution and temporal trends of extreme temperature and precipitation events on the Loess Plateau of China during 1961–2007

Cited by 180 publications

References 23 publications

Effect of the Long-Term Mean and the Temporal Stability of Water-Energy Dynamics on China’s Terrestrial Species Richness

Effect of the Long-Term Mean and the Temporal Stability of Water-Energy Dynamics on China’s Terrestrial Species Richness

Temperature and precipitation changes over the Loess Plateau between 1961 and 2011, based on high-density gauge observations

Variability of extreme summer precipitation over Circum-Bohai-Sea region during 1961–2008

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