Spatial Distribution of Macrozoobenthos as Bioindicators of Organic Material Pollution in the Citanduy River, Cisayong, Tasikmalaya Region, West Java, Indonesia

Abstract

The Cisayong area of ​​Tasikmalaya Regency is an area that is passed by the Citanduy River. Citanduy River has received a variety of inputs, that affect the river water quality and cause pollution. Macrozoobenthos can be used as an indicator of water pollution. This research aims to determine the spatial distribution of the macrozoobenthic community as a bioindicator of organic matter pollution in the Citanduy River, Cisayong Tasikmalaya Region, West Java. This research was conducted on January 2 - March 3, 2020. The research method used a field survey method. The data collection technique used purposive sampling by determining 4 stations based on environmental factors and land use around the river flow. The results of the macrozoobenthic spatial distribution along the Citanduy River were different at each observation location. At station 1 several intolerant species Heptagenia sp., Leptophelbia sp., and Hydropsyche sp. Were found, station 2 found several facultative species Melanoides tuberculata, Lymnea sp., Tarebia granifera, Sulcosfira testudinaria, Filopaludina javanica, and Pomacea canalicuta, station 3 found several tolerant species Chironomus sp., and Tubifex sp., station 4 were found several species of facultative and tolerant macrozoobenthos Melanoides tuberculata, Lymnea sp., Tarebia granifera, Sulcosfira testudinaria, Filopaludina javanica, Pomacea canalicuta, and Tubifex sp. The abundance of macrozoobenthos in the Citanduy River ranges from 1460-2540 ind/m2. Diversity index ranges from 1.53 to 1.79. The uniformity index ranges from 0.45 to 0.53. Species deficits at each station are different. The Morisita index ranges from 0.48 to 1.12 representing uniform categories and groups.

Water Quality of Pond Irrigation ChannelsBased on the Community Structure of Macrozoobenthosin Legonkulon,Subang, West Java

“…Water temperature variations at the four research stations are influenced by the time of measurement because the intensity of sunlight entering the waters in the morning is lower than when measuring waters during the day which have high sunlight intensity. The intensity of sunlight, the exchange of temperature between water and air, geographic altitude, and the presence of trees growing on the banks of rivers are all factors that cause differences in the results of temperature measurements at each station [15].…”

“…The lowest average water transparency was found at station 4, namely 0,28 ± 0,09 meters or 28 cm, while the highest water transparency was found at station 1, namely 0,35 ± 0,03 meters or 35 cm Table 4. According to Sulaeman [15], waters with low transparency cause inhibition of the penetration of sunlight into the waters so that the photosynthesis process of algae and microphytes does not take place properly. Indirectly, transparency can affect macrozoobenthos life because algae and macrophytes are a food source for macrozoobenthos [19].…”

Biodiversity and community assemblages of freshwater and marine macrozoobenthos in Gorontalo Waters, Indonesia

“…as a neutralizer of the aquatic environment by breaking down organic matters that enter the bottom of the waters into a food source so that the nutritional conditions of the waters become stable (Alavaisha et al 2019). Changes strongly influence the macrozoobenthic composition, abundance, diversity, water quality, and the substrate where they live so that macrozoobenthos is also commonly used as biological water quality indicator (Kadim et al 2013;Laini et al 2018;Harahap et al 2018;Herawati et al 2020;Kefford et al 2020;Lestari and Rahmanto 2020;Sulaeman et al 2020;Baryshev 2021;Costa et al 2021;Ndale et al 2021;Prajoko et al 2021;Sueb et al 2021).…”