Spatial distribution of parabens, triclocarban, triclosan, bisphenols, and tetrabromobisphenol A and its alternatives in municipal sewage sludges in China

Zhu, Qingqing; Jia, Jiabao; Wang, Yun; Zhang, Kegang; Zhang, He; Liao, Chunyang; Jiang, Guibin

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.05.059

Cited by 66 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…This was far higher than that found in the influent and sludge samples in our study, although similar trends were reported for influent and sludge TCC composition. Additionally, Zhu et al [ 62 ] investigated the spatial distribution of TCC in sewage sludge in China where a mean concentration of 2350 µg/kg was reported which was higher than that found in our study. The concentrations of TCS and TCC found in our study were relatively lower as compared with that reported in samples collected in selected wastewater treatment plants in Gauteng Province, South Africa [ 17 ].…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 91%

Occurrence and Fate of Triclosan and Triclocarban in Selected Wastewater Systems across Durban Metropolis, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa

Bakare

Adeyinka

2022

IJERPH

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Triclosan (TCS) and triclocarban (TCC) are antimicrobial agents that have been used in personal care and consumer products in the past decades. In this study, influent, effluent, and sludge samples collected in selected wastewater treatment plants across the Durban metropolis were qualitatively and quantitatively investigated. It was revealed that the concentration of TCS ranged from 1.906 to 73.462 µg/L, from 1.732 to 6.980 µg/L, and from 0.138 to 2.455 µg/kg in influent, effluent, and sludge samples, respectively. The concentrations of TCC were found to be between 0.320 and 45.261 µg/L, <LOQ–1.103 µg/L, and from 0.107 to 8.827 µg/kg in the influent, effluent, and sludge samples, respectively. Higher concentrations of TCS as compared with TCC were observed in the aqueous samples. However, the concentrations of TCC in the sludge samples were significantly higher than the level of TCS. More water solubility of TCS could be responsible for the observed trend in the influent and effluent samples, while the trend observed in the sludge could be due to the more hydrophobicity character of TCC. The results of this study indicated that substantial amounts of TCS and TCC are been removed during the treatment process which could be a major reason for the decline in the levels recorded in the effluent samples, therefore, reducing the amount of the TCS and TCC that would eventually end up in the surface rivers. Qualitative analyses of the samples indicated the presence of caffeine, tert-butylhydroquinone, chloroxylenol, phenol, 4-(1,1,3,3-tetramethyl butyl), and dimethyl-bisphenol A. Further investigative ecological risk assessment studies are crucial due to the potential threat the contaminants may pose to aquatic lives and humans.

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Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 91%

Occurrence and Fate of Triclosan and Triclocarban in Selected Wastewater Systems across Durban Metropolis, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa

Bakare

Adeyinka

2022

IJERPH

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“…On the basis of the mean concentration of ∑BPSs detected in this study, the nationwide annual emission flux through sludge disposal was estimated to be 167 kg/year in 2019. Furthermore, we conducted the preliminary health risk assessment of BPSs in the sludge based on the estimate of per capita daily release amount (EDR) . Using the population data of China in 2016 (1.38 billion), the EDR of ∑BPSs was estimated to be 332 ng day –1 person –1 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The concentration of BPS in nationwide municipal sludge ranged from 0.514 to 7.43 ng/g (median of 1.47 ng/g), which is almost consistent with two previous reports in China. 38,39 In the two previous studies of bisphenols analyzed in the nationwide municipal sludge collected during 2010 and 2011 (n = 52) 39 and 2017 and 2018 (n = 46), 38 BPS was frequently detected in 82.7% and 89.1% of the collected samples, with concentration ranges of 0.170−110 ng/g (median of 4.34 ng/g) and 0.0202−19.7 ng/g (median of 0.950 ng/g), respectively. The total concentration of BPS and its 12 novel analogues (∑BPSs) ranged from 5.41 to 30.9 ng/g (median of 10.7 ng/g).…”

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence and Nationwide Distribution of Multiple Novel Bisphenol S Analogues in Municipal Sewage Sludge across China

Pan

Shen

et al. 2021

Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett.

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Our previous study identified seven bisphenol S (BPS) derivatives and/or analogues in human breast milk from China. However, their environmental occurrences and distribution remain largely unknown. Herein, we conducted a comprehensive, large-scale investigation analyzing a broader range of novel BPS analogues in municipal sludge across China. In addition to BPS, all 12 target novel BPS analogues were detected in the sludge samples. Among the 12 novel BPS analogues, nine were newly identified and reported in the environment for the first time. Six of the 12 novel BPS analogues were detected in all of the sludge samples, with one exhibiting a level higher than that of BPS and two exhibiting a level comparable to that of BPS. The total concentration of BPS and its 12 novel analogues (∑BPSs) varied in the range of 5.41–30.9 ng/g (median of 10.7 ng/g). The spatial distribution indicated significantly higher levels of BPSs in East China than in Central and West China (p < 0.05). The nationwide annual emission of ∑BPSs via sludge disposal in China was estimated to be 167 kg/year in 2019, which is expected to increase considerably in the future. This is the first report of the prevalent occurrence and widespread geographical distribution of multiple novel BPS analogues in municipal sludge.

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“…The sum concentrations of four target compounds in sludge ranged from 34 to 1,800 ng/g dry weight (dw), with a mean concentration of 240 ng/g dw; the land application burden related to these melamine and derivatives was quantified at 1,600 kg/year in the U.S. with resulting hazard burden quotients of 2.2 × 10 −5 to 4.4 × 10 −3 indicating negligible risk (Zhu et al, 2019a). Not only the quantity, but also the spatial distribution across China of parabens, TCC/TCS, bisphenols (BP), and tetrabromobisphenol A and its alternatives (TBBPA) was found to be 67.9 ng/g, 3930 ng/g, 201 ng/g, 18.4 ng/g all dry weight, respectively (Zhu et al, 2019). It is of note these quantities represent the mean of the sum of all chemicals in the categories listed, that is, the mean of sum of all 8 bisphenols examined is 201 ng/g.…”

Section: Analysis and Quantification Of Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is of note these quantities represent the mean of the sum of all chemicals in the categories listed, that is, the mean of sum of all 8 bisphenols examined is 201 ng/g. From a spatial standpoint, it was found east China and south central China had higher releases than other regions (Zhu et al, 2019).…”

Section: Analysis and Quantification Of Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Residuals, sludge, and biosolids: Advancements in the field

Brisolara

Gentile

Puszykowski

et al. 2020

Water Environment Research

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Advancements in the field of residuals, sludge, and biosolids have been made in 2019. This review outlines the major contributions of researchers that have been published in peer-reviewed journals and conference proceedings throughout 2019 and includes brief summaries from over 125 articles. The review is organized in sections including life cycle and risk assessments; characteristics, quality, and measurement including micropollutants, nanoparticles, pathogens, and metals; sludge treatment technologies including dewatering, digestion, composting, and wetlands; disposal and reuse including adsorbents, land application and agricultural uses, nutrient recovery, and innovative uses; odor and air emissions; and energy issues.

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Spatial distribution of parabens, triclocarban, triclosan, bisphenols, and tetrabromobisphenol A and its alternatives in municipal sewage sludges in China

Cited by 66 publications

References 55 publications

Occurrence and Fate of Triclosan and Triclocarban in Selected Wastewater Systems across Durban Metropolis, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa

Occurrence and Fate of Triclosan and Triclocarban in Selected Wastewater Systems across Durban Metropolis, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa

Occurrence and Nationwide Distribution of Multiple Novel Bisphenol S Analogues in Municipal Sewage Sludge across China

Residuals, sludge, and biosolids: Advancements in the field

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