Spatial distribution of “Tissue‐Specific” antigens in the developing human heart and skeletal muscle. II. An immunohistochemical analysis of myosin heavy chain isoform expression patterns in the embryonic heart

Wessels, Andy; Vermeulen, Jacqueline L.M.; Virágh, S; Kálmán, F.; Lamers, Wouter H.; Moorman, A. F. M.

doi:10.1002/ar.1092290309

Cited by 113 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…In the fetus, it can be identified as a ring of nodelike cells in the right atrium just above the tricuspid valve, which later disappears. 13,33,34 These accessory myocardial AV connections appear to correspond to the presumed multiple AV nodes and pathways originally reported by Kent and reviewed by Anderson et al 35 The relationship of right-sided accessory myocardial AV connections with the RAVR bundle could explain the decremental properties seen in some of the right-sided APs. 36 Within the developing AVN, small myocardial extensions can be identified that cross the annulus fibrosus and connect the developing AVN with the ventricular septal myocardium.…”

Section: Hahurij Et Al Accessory Pathways In Developing Human Hearts mentioning

confidence: 57%

Accessory Atrioventricular Myocardial Connections in the Developing Human Heart

et al. 2008

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Background-Fetal and neonatal atrioventricular (AV) reentrant tachycardias can be life-threatening but resolve in most cases during the first year of life. The transient presence of accessory AV myocardial connections during annulus fibrosus development may explain this phenomenon. Methods and Results-A total of 45 human embryonic, fetal, and neonatal sectioned hearts (4 to 36 weeks of development)were studied immunohistochemically. Accessory myocardial AV connections were quantified and categorized according to their specific location, and 3D reconstructions were made. Between 4 and 6 weeks of development, the atrial and ventricular myocardium was continuous at the primitive AV canal. At 6 to 10 weeks, numerous accessory myocardial AV connections were identified in the left (45%), right (35%), and septal (20%) regions of the AV junction. Most right-sided accessory connections comprised distinct myocardial strands, whereas left-sided connections consisted of larger myocardial continuities. At 10 to 20 weeks, all accessory AV connections comprised discrete myocardial strands and gradually decreased in number. The majority of accessory connections were located in the right AV junction (67%), predominantly in the lateral aspect (45%). Seventeen percent of the accessory connections were observed in the left AV junction, and 16% were observed in the septal region. 3D reconstructions of the developing AV nodal area at these stages demonstrated multiple AV node-related accessory connections. From 20 weeks until birth, and in neonatal hearts, no further accessory myocardial AV connections were observed. Conclusions-Isolation of the AV junction is a gradual and ongoing process, and right lateral accessory myocardial AV connections in particular are commonly found at later stages of normal human cardiac development. These transitory accessory connections may act as substrate for AV reentrant tachycardias in fetuses or neonates. (Circulation. 2008;117: 2850-2858.)

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Section: Hahurij Et Al Accessory Pathways In Developing Human Hearts mentioning

confidence: 57%

Accessory Atrioventricular Myocardial Connections in the Developing Human Heart

et al. 2008

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“…Most of the images of human and murine specimens used in the illustrations of this review were generated in the context of studies published previously (26,27,31,37,38,(40)(41)(42)(43). Some of the scanning electron microscope (SEM) images are from the collection of late Tomas Pexieder.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Contributions of the major atrioventricular cushions to valvuloseptal morphogenesis in the human heart. These panels show two serial sections of a human heart at ϳ6 wk of development stained for the presence of atrial MHC (A) and ventricular MHC (B) as described before (42). A: this is how the mesenchymal tissues of the two major cushions and the mesenchymal cap on the IAS have fused to form the mesenchymal "crux" of the heart.…”

Section: Valvuloseptal Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developmental anatomy of the heart: a tale of mice and man

Wessels

Sedmera

2003

Physiological Genomics

228

189

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Because of the increasing availability of tools for genetic manipulation, the mouse has become the most popular animal model for studying normal and abnormal cardiac development. However, despite the enormous advances in mouse genetics, which have led to the production of numerous mutants with cardiac abnormalities resembling those seen in human congenital heart disease, relatively little comparative work has been published to demonstrate the similarities and differences in the developmental cardiac anatomy in both species. In this review we discuss some aspects of the comparative anatomy, with emphasis on the atrial anatomy, the valvuloseptal complex, and ventricular myocardial development. From the data presented it can be concluded that, apart from the obvious differences in size, the mouse and human heart are anatomically remarkably similar throughout development. The partitioning of the cardiac chambers (septation) follows the same sequence of events, while also the maturation of the cardiac valves and myocardium is quite similar in both species. The major anatomical differences are seen in the venous pole of the heart. We conclude that, taking note of the few anatomical “variations,” the use of the mouse as a model system for the human heart is warranted. Thus the analysis of mouse mutants with impaired septation will provide valuable information on cellular mechanisms involved in valvuloseptal morphogenesis (a process often disrupted in congenital heart disease), while the study of embryonic lethal mouse mutants that present with lack of compaction of ventricular trabeculae will ultimately provide clues on the etiology of this abnormality in humans.

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“…The expression of regulatory genes has been detected as early as the earliest observable morphological changes in the fetal murine heart (17). Considerable work done previously has established that the normal development of a septated four-chambered heart from a tubular heart is controlled by the normal expression of musclespecific genes and their regulators (18)(19)(20)(21). Cardiac Troponin I (eTn!…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cardiac Troponin I (eTn! ), cardiac troponin T2 (eTnT2), myosin light chain (MLC), myosin heavy chain (MHC) and actin regulate muscle contraction and relaxation and the expression of these genes is regulated by various factors including cardiac ankyrin repeat protein, fibroblast growth factor receptor 1, cardiac ryanodine receptor 2 (RyR2) and NKX2.5 (18)(19)(20)(21).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Abnormal Expression of Genes Associated with Development and Inflammation in the Heart of Mouse Maternal Phenylketonuria Offspring

Matalon

Surendran

McDonald

et al. 2005

Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol

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This study descibes gene expression in the fetus hearts obtained from mouse model for Phenylketonuria. These hearts have cardiovascular disease (CVD). Therefore genes involved in CVD were examined. Several genes associated with heart development and inflammation were found to be altered. In order to investigate whether the abnormal gene expression alters transcription and translation, the levels of troponin mRNA and protein were determined. One step real time RT-PCR showed a reduction in cardiac troponin I, troponin T2 and ryanodine receptor 2. Determination of troponin I and T protein levels showed reduced levels of these proteins. Our results suggest that altered gene expression affects protein production. These changes are likely involved in the cardiovascular defects seen in the mouse.

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Spatial distribution of “Tissue‐Specific” antigens in the developing human heart and skeletal muscle. II. An immunohistochemical analysis of myosin heavy chain isoform expression patterns in the embryonic heart

Cited by 113 publications

References 52 publications

Accessory Atrioventricular Myocardial Connections in the Developing Human Heart

Accessory Atrioventricular Myocardial Connections in the Developing Human Heart

Developmental anatomy of the heart: a tale of mice and man

Abnormal Expression of Genes Associated with Development and Inflammation in the Heart of Mouse Maternal Phenylketonuria Offspring

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