CuFe2O4 is an emerging high-performance
oxygen
carrier for chemical looping combustion (CLC), which is hailed as
the most promising technology to reduce combustion-derived CO2 emission. CuFe2O4 oxygen carriers with
minute structural differences could be largely divergent in the reactivity
for the CLC process, which seems not to raise much concern by either
experimental or computational studies. Herein, based on density functional
theory (DFT) calculations, we compare the performance of three well-documented
CuFe2O4 configurations as oxygen carriers in
the CLC process and relate the reactivity difference to their structural
nuances. The reaction mechanisms of representative CLC reactants (i.e.,
CH4, H2, and CO) over different CuFe2O4 configurations are explored in-depth. DFT calculations
indicate that among different CuFe2O4 configurations,
the distribution, orientation, and activity of the O/Cu/Fe sites vary
largely over the respective CuFe2O4(100) surfaces,
thus affecting the adsorption and oxidation of CLC reactants. Fe atoms,
especially in configuration 3, are observed to exhibit a higher degree
of exposure and afford lower steric hindrance to interact with CH4 and H2, thereby facilitating higher adsorption
energies and lower dissociation energy barriers correspondingly. The
Fe–Cu synergistic effect is revealed to promote the dissociation
reaction of both CH4 and H2. CO exhibits direct
oxidation to CO2 over the O sites, which generally exhibit
higher CO binding energies than Cu/Fe sites. Particularly, O sites
in configuration 3 are observed with generally lower oxygen vacancy
formation energy as well as steric hindrance, thus affording the oxidation
of CO in a more facile way. The structure–performance relationship
revealed in this work is of positive significance for the design of
high-performance spinel CuFe2O4 oxygen carriers.