Spatial Orientation in Man After Cerebral Injury: I. Analyses by Locus of Lesion

Semmes, Josephine; Weinstein, Sidney; Ghent, Lila; Teuber, Hans‐Lukas

doi:10.1080/00223980.1955.9916172

Cited by 193 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Consistent with this view, several studies implicating the PPC in performing mental transformations of the body in space (an activity potentially related to self-motion updating) employed rotations as their critical manipulation [6,57,67]. The Locomotor Maze test also involves whole-body rotations, and has been found to elicit de®cits in PPC patients [55]. Preliminary work in our laboratory suggests that although some patients with PPC lesions are indeed impaired at sensing their motion during passive whole-body rotations, others are not [43].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…PPCinjured individuals have been found to perform poorly on some tasks involving locomotion [4,28,55], but it is di cult to ascertain whether updating is the primary source of the impairment. The tasks in these studies not only provided some degree of visual guidance, but also involved complex paths that confounded linear translations and rotations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Intact spatial updating during locomotion after right posterior parietal lesions

et al. 2000

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One function of the posterior parietal cortex (PPC) is to monitor and integrate sensory signals relating to the current pointing direction of the eyes. We investigated the possibility that the human PPC also contributes to spatial updating during larger-scale behaviors. Two groups of patients with brain injuries either including or excluding the right hemisphere PPC and a group of healthy subjects performed a visually-directed walking task, in which the subject views a target and then attempts to walk to it without vision. All groups walked without vision accurately and precisely to remembered targets up to 6 m away; the patient groups also performed similarly to the healthy controls when indicating egocentric distances using non-motoric responses. These results indicate that the right PPC is not critically involved in monitoring and integrating non-visual self-motion signals, at least along linear paths. In addition, visual perception of egocentric distance in multi-cue environments is immune to injury of a variety of brain areas. 7

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intact spatial updating during locomotion after right posterior parietal lesions

et al. 2000

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“…Appreciation of spatial orientation is a prominent feature of these tests, although there has been discussion to what extent the critical variable in determining the patient's failure is learning or spatial perception. The first hypothesis is supported by the finding that in right temporal lobectomized patients the ablation of a major part of the hippocampus appeared to be decisive in lowering performance (Milner, 1965;Corkin, 1965 (Elithorn, 1955) or the translation of perceptual informations into complex locomotor behaviour, as in the route finding test described by Semmes et al (1955). In these cases right hemisphere dominance shifts towards asymmetry of functions (Benton, Elithorn, Fogel, and Kerr, 1963), or equipotentiality of the two posterior regions (Semmes et al, 1955).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…The evidence, however, is not entirely consistent. Some studies have substantiated the relevance of anteroposterior dimension, but not the hemispheric asymmetry (Semmes, Weinstein, Ghent, and Teuber, 1955 Faglioni, 1966;Butters and Barton, 1970), while other researches have confirmed the crucial role of the right hemisphere but not the relevance of the left posterior region (Milner, 1965;Corkin, 1965;Newcombe and Russell, 1969). These apparent discrepancies are likely to be task dependent and they emphasize the need for analysing more carefully the nature of the performances, which have been defined as spatial.…”

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confidence: 99%

Judgment of spatial orientation in patients with focal brain damage

Renzi

Faglioni

Scotti

1971

Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry

100

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Normal subjects reproduced the orientation of the rod on the horizontal plane with a constant error which was found to be dependent on the position of the model. Clockwise deviations were made when the model was on the left and counterclockwise deviations when the model was on the right. The constant error was present in left brain-damaged patients too, while it was not significantly different from zero in right brain-damaged patients. A systematic error was also found on the vertical plane and it consisted in the tendency to stop the rod below the level of the standard.Findings derived from clinical case study and experimental research support the view that there is both a regional and a hemispheric specialization of the cerebral cortex for spatial functions in the sense that impairment in these functions is associated more closely with damage to posterior than to anterior areas of the brain and of the right more than of the left hemisphere. The evidence, however, is not entirely consistent.

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“…Teuber 1963, Semmes et al 1955 assume that both forms of space, which they label intra-and extra-personal space, are subserved by the parietal area; this assumption seems to be unwarranted. * In a review of the broad area of spatial disorders in clinical patients, Benton (1969) noted that 'Most patients who show defective absolute or relative localization of stimuli in external space do not show concomitant disturbances in more general topographical orientation or topographical memory ...…”

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confidence: 99%