Spatial variation in vehicle-derived metal pollution identified by magnetic and elemental analysis of roadside tree leaves

Maher, Barbara A.; Moore, Catherine; Matzka, Jürgen

doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2007.09.013

Cited by 249 publications

(167 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…However, several studies have also identified Fe having origins from traffic sources (Adamo et al, 2008;Amato et al, 2009;Ault et al, 2012;Catinon et al, 2013;Maher et al, 2008), and somehow the comparison between samples from FFP and FFS sites also describes this trend (a higher Fe concentration is recorded at FFS site). However, the traffic-related effect on Fe concentration is dwarfed by the overwhelming factory influence, which increases the average Fe concentration by a factor of three.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Characterization of leaf-level particulate matter for an industrial city using electron microscopy and X-ray microanalysis

Sgrigna

Baldacchini

Esposito

et al. 2016

Science of The Total Environment

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This study reports application of monitoring and characterization protocol for particulate matter (PM) deposited on tree leaves, using Quercus ilex as a case study species. The study area is located in the industrial city of Terni in central Italy, with high PM concentrations. Four trees were selected as representative of distinct pollution environments based on their proximity to a steel factory and a street. Wash off from leaves onto cellulose filters were characterized using scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, inferring the associations between particle sizes, chemical composition, and sampling location.Modeling of particle size distributions showed a tri-modal fingerprint, with the three modes centered at 0.6 (factory related), 1.2 (urban background), and 2.6 μm (traffic related). Chemical detection identified 23 elements abundant in the PM samples. Principal component analysis recognized iron and copper as sourcespecific PM markers, attributed mainly to industrial and heavy traffic pollution respectively. Upscaling these results on leaf area basis provided a useful indicator for strategic evaluation of harmful PM pollutants using tree leaves.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Characterization of leaf-level particulate matter for an industrial city using electron microscopy and X-ray microanalysis

Sgrigna

Baldacchini

Esposito

et al. 2016

Science of The Total Environment

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“…Secondly, deciduous trees are more efficient in intercepting dust particles from the pollutant stream than coniferous trees. Magnetic particles are found in the leaf and needle structures of various tree species (Schädlich et al 1995;Matzka and Maher 1999;Hanesch et al 2003;Urbat et al 2004;Gautam et al 2005;Lehndorff et al 2006;Maher et al 2008;Sagnotti et al 2009). However, these are few inclusions of single particles without any significant influence on soil magnetic susceptibility.…”

Section: Magnetic Susceptibility Of Soilsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of the wind direction and plants on the variability of topsoil magnetic susceptibility in industrial and urban areas of southern Poland

2016

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Volume magnetic susceptibility (j) was measured on the soil surface and in the vertical topsoil profile within a 300 km 2 area located in an urban-industrial conurbation. The results were compared to plant species compositions in the forest storeys, elevation above sea level, and terrain geomorphology. The content and mineral composition of the magnetic fraction were determined in the soil horizons. It was found that the extent of the area with enhanced topsoil magnetic susceptibility was similar to the dominant wind direction (south-west). Enhanced j values were observed for the soil at the forest margin on the leeward side of the emitters as well as at sites located on exposed local elevations (C10 m). There were no significant correlations between species composition of the forest stand and soil surface j value (measured both with and without forest litter). Soil covered with deciduous treesmostly ash (Fraxinus excelsior L.)-demonstrated higher j values than soil under coniferous tree species. However, our results suggest that this parameter is not controlled by individual tree species, but rather depends on distance from emission sources, intensity of magnetic particle emission, and meteorological conditions (prevailing wind directions and dynamics).

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“…The concentrations of Pb in model organisms reached very high values, exceeding several times the permitted limits (Table 2). Especially lead poisoning from vehicle pollution has been addressed internationally by removal of leaded petrol (Maher et al 2008). Metals such as Fe, Cu, Zn are essential components of many alloys, pipe, wire and tyres in motor vehicles and are released into the roadside environment as the result of mechanical abrasion and normal wear and tear (Huber et al 2016).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The presence of iron in dust particles around petrol stations are predominantly caused by car bodies' corrosion and has no connection to the combustion of petrol. Chromium and copper are also used for the surface treatment of materials and subject to corrosion (Maher et al 2008). Yıldırım and Tokalıoğlu (2016) who evaluated the heavy metal content in street dust have found a significant positive correlation between the pairs: Ni-Co, Zn-Cu and Cd-Pb.…”

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confidence: 99%

Assessment of air pollution by toxic elements on petrol stations using moss and lichen bag technique

Demková¹,

Baranová²,

Oboňa³

et al. 2017

PLANT SOIL ENVIRON

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The rapid progress of modern society has significantly increased the level of urbanization followed by transport sector development. An increasing number of vehicles has recently directed research on air pollution originating from traffic rather than from industry (Salo and Mäkinen 2014). A lot of authors studied roadside environment to demonstrate that the traffic contributes significantly to heavy metal pollution (Rossi et al. 2015, Motuzas et al. 2016. It has been reported repeatedly that heavy metal concentrations in soils, waters and air have increased with increasing traffic (Lenkeppa et al. 2015).The petrol stations represent places, where the numbers of cars pass through -stop and start again. Starting a vehicle and the first few minutes of driving generate higher emissions because the emissions-control equipment has not yet reached Three moss (Pleurosium spp., Polytrichum spp., Rhytidiadelphus spp.) and two lichen taxa (Hypogymnia physodes L., Pseudevernia furfuracea L.), were exposed for four weeks in six petrol stations, two consecutive years (2015)(2016), in urban area of the Prešov city (Slovakia), to assess accumulation of selected airborne elements Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn. Significantly highest (P < 0.01) ability to accumulate Zn, Ni, Co and Fe was found in Pleurosium spp.; Pseudevernia furfuracea was determined the best accumulator of Hg, whereas Rhytidiadelphus spp. was found as the least suitable for this purpose. No significant differences in heavy metal accumulation between moss and lichen taxonomic group were found. Samples of conifer (used as a moss/lichen bag holder) showed significantly lower content of heavy metals compared to mosses and lichens. Major content of heavy metals trapped in the air around petrol stations, did not originate from the petrol combustion, but predominantly from the car body, which is mechanically disrupted during fuelling. Assessment of air pollution by toxic elements on petrol stations using moss and lichen bag technique

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Spatial variation in vehicle-derived metal pollution identified by magnetic and elemental analysis of roadside tree leaves

Cited by 249 publications

References 42 publications

Characterization of leaf-level particulate matter for an industrial city using electron microscopy and X-ray microanalysis

Characterization of leaf-level particulate matter for an industrial city using electron microscopy and X-ray microanalysis

The influence of the wind direction and plants on the variability of topsoil magnetic susceptibility in industrial and urban areas of southern Poland

Assessment of air pollution by toxic elements on petrol stations using moss and lichen bag technique

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