Spatially-Resolved experimental investigations of combustion characteristics in a solid fuel doped methane swirl flame and the influence on the formation of ultrafine particulate matter

Axt, Christian; Maßmeyer, A.; Pielsticker, Stefan; Kneer, Reinhold

doi:10.1016/j.combustflame.2022.112223

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…In order to achieve a good agreement between simulations and measurements, boundary conditions were measured (e.g., wall temperature of the combustion chamber) and used accordingly in the simulations through user-defined functions (UDFs). In addition, CFD simulations were compared with spatially resolved determined measurements of gas temperature and solid fuel particle velocities presented by Axt et al 29 and good agreement was found. Since the swirl burner initiates a strong swirl flow inside the chamber, the "realizable k-ϵ model" with the "Menter-Lechner wall treatment" approach was used to simulate the turbulence characteristics.…”

Section: ■ Materials and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 80%

Investigation of Ultrafine Particulate Matter Formation during Combustion of Biomass and Lignite

et al. 2022

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Coal and biomass-fired power plants significantly contribute to particulate matter (PM) emissions. So far, there has been extensive research on PM formation under simplified solid fuel combustion conditions (flat flame burner, laminar flows, early combustion stage), and only a few studies have concentrated on the entire combustion process under conditions. Thus, measurements of ultrafine PM size distributions are carried out in this study using a scanning mobility particle sizer (SMPS). The combustion conditions were produced by means of a swirl burner system designed for the investigation of methane-assisted pulverized solid fuel flames. A systematic variation of combustion conditions (temperature, residence time, turbulence, fuel mass flow) revealed that less swirled flows lead to more pronounced shear zones in the flame, higher axial velocities, and higher flame temperature that can promote coagulation. As future energy supply is expected to rely to a larger extent on bioenergy instead of solid fossil fuels, PM formation during the combustion of an abundant lignite from China (Zhundong coal) and biomass (walnut shells) is compared. The use of biomass causes smaller precursor particles and an overall higher particle concentration. CFD simulations are used to evaluate the conversion behavior of solid fuel particles of different size classes up to the position until those are captured by the sampling device of the SMPS measurements. The significantly different degree of conversion within the solid fuel size classes can be successfully used to interpret the measured ultrafine PM size distributions. The data presented in this paper provide an important basis for further studies to validate CFD simulations using the measurements and to further develop existing PM formation models for the different cases (swirl degree, stoichiometry, etc.) of biomass and lignite combustion.

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Section: ■ Materials and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 80%

Investigation of Ultrafine Particulate Matter Formation during Combustion of Biomass and Lignite

et al. 2022

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“…The cylindrical combustion chamber, schematically shown in Figure 2, had a diameter of 0.4 m and a total height of 4.2 m. The special design of the burner on the top of the combustion chamber-see also Figure 2-enables the generation of swirling flows. The burner was designed for investigating stabilised flames for self-sustained as well as gas-assisted combustion [19,[25][26][27][28]. The primary inlet of the burner is an annular tube centred around a bluff body, and it carries the oxidiser mixed with the pulverised solid fuel into the chamber.…”

Section: Case Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of the Coupling Schemes between the Discrete and the Continuous Phase in the Numerical Simulation of a 60 kWth Swirling Pulverised Solid Fuel Flame under Oxyfuel Conditions

Askarizadeh,

Pielsticker,

Nicolai

et al. 2024

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Detailed numerical analyses of pulverised solid fuel flames are computationally expensive due to the intricate interplay between chemical reactions, turbulent multiphase flow, and heat transfer. The near-burner region, characterised by a high particle number density, is particularly influenced by these interactions. The accurate modelling of these phenomena is crucial for describing flame characteristics. This study examined the reciprocal impact between the discrete phase and the continuous phase using Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) simulations. The numerical model was developed in Ansys Fluent and equipped with user-defined functions that adapt the modelling of combustion sub-processes, in particular, devolatilisation, char conversion, and radiative heat transfer under oxyfuel conditions. The aim was to identify the appropriate degree of detail necessary for modelling the interaction between discrete and continuous phases, specifically concerning mass, momentum, energy, and turbulence, to effectively apply it in high-fidelity numerical simulations. The results of the numerical model show good agreement in comparison with experimental data and large-eddy simulations. In terms of the coupling schemes, the results indicate significant reciprocal effects between the discrete and the continuous phases for mass and energy coupling; however, the effect of particles on the gas phase for momentum and turbulence coupling was observed to be negligible. For the investigated chamber, these results are shown to be slightly affected by the local gas phase velocity and temperature fields as long as the global oxygen ratio between the provided and needed amount of oxygen as well as the thermal output of the flame are kept constant.

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“…Figure 9 showcases the combustion of distributed biomass in a turbulent air environment. During the early combustion phase, the devolatilization of the solid fuel and the release of refractory components in the burning phase lead to the generation of ultrafine particles [26]. The diesel-air combustion exhaust gas quickly heats up and burns the biomass.…”

Section: The Effect Of Different Solid Loading Ratios On the Flame Pi...mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Incorporating Varying Proportions of Sugar Beet Waste on the Combustion Process and Emissions in Industrial Burner Fuelled with Conventional Diesel Fuel

Elkelawy,

Bastawissi,

Abdel-Rahman

et al. 2024

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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The main objective of the case study is to investigate the effectiveness of using solid fuel additives in conventional diesel fuel for industrial furnaces. The study focuses on utilizing agricultural waste derived from sugar beet plant waste as additives to enhance the combustion process and reduce emissions from industrial burners. In this study, experimental measurent for the flame temperatures inside the furnace while altering the proportions of the solid materials have ben achived. The goal was to assess the impact of different loading from these additives on the combustionprocess. Furthermore, the study involved measuring exhaust gases such as carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO2), unburned hydrocarbon (UH), and nitrogen oxides (NOx). The experimental facility arranment allowed the researchers to evaluate the emissions resulting from the combustion process with the addition of solid fuel additives. By measuring these parameters, the study aimed to understand the effect of utilizing agricultural waste as additives on the burning processes and emission formation in industrial furnaces. These findings can contribute to improving the efficiency of combustion processes, reducing emissions, and promoting the utilization of renewable and sustainable fuel sources in industrial settings. In this study, varying the proportions of solid materials used as additives had an impact on the levels of carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO2), and nitrogen oxides (NOx) in the exhaust gases. By increasing the proportion of solid materials in the fuel mixture resulted in changes in the emission levels. The levels of carbon monoxide in the exhaust gases decreased as the proportion of solid materials increased. While the addition of solid fuel additives did contribute to the production of CO2 due to the combustion of the additives, the overall effect on its levels varied depending on the specific proportions used. Also, the levels of nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gases showed different trends depending on the proportions of solid materials used. Typically, increasing the proportion of solid fuel additives led to reduce NOx emissions. However, this may also depend on other factors such as combustion temperature and the composition of the solid materials.

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Spatially-Resolved experimental investigations of combustion characteristics in a solid fuel doped methane swirl flame and the influence on the formation of ultrafine particulate matter

Cited by 5 publications

References 33 publications

Investigation of Ultrafine Particulate Matter Formation during Combustion of Biomass and Lignite

Investigation of Ultrafine Particulate Matter Formation during Combustion of Biomass and Lignite

Investigation of the Coupling Schemes between the Discrete and the Continuous Phase in the Numerical Simulation of a 60 kWth Swirling Pulverised Solid Fuel Flame under Oxyfuel Conditions

The Impact of Incorporating Varying Proportions of Sugar Beet Waste on the Combustion Process and Emissions in Industrial Burner Fuelled with Conventional Diesel Fuel

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