Spatio-Temporal Coordination and Conflict of Production-Living-Ecology Land Functions in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region, China

Abstract

Assessment of multiple land use functions promotes both utilization efficiency of land and regional coordination. Different personal and public products and services are offered by various land use types, meaning their functionality varies. Lack of judgment on temporal trends, turning points, or consideration of multi-source indicators like the ecological and air quality index leads to uncertainties in urban multifunctionality evaluation and functional orientation. In this study, the production-living-ecology land use function index system and evaluation process was improved using an entropy weight, triangle model, and coupling coordination degree. The production-living-ecology land use function (PLELUF) is defined from land use multi-functions. The Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration was the representative area. The model was applied to quantify land use functions and measure spatio-temporal coordination and conflict from 1990 to 2015. Results found that the production and living functions displayed an overall upward trend and the growth rate of production function is larger, doubling from 1990 to 1995, while living function increases steadily. Ecology function remained steady from 1990 to 2000 but increased afterward. Land use function stage became balanced in ecology-living-production after 2005. No function-balanced cities existed in 1990; nine function-balanced cities were found in 2015. The coupling coordination degree increased from a slight conflict to a high coordination. Land use multi-functionality was high in the north and low in the south in 2015; Beijing had the most significant multifunctionality. This study can aid land use zoning and sustainable land management.

Land Use Transition and Its Eco-Environmental Effects in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei Urban Agglomeration: A Production–Living–Ecological Perspective

“…For example, from 1900 to 1990, the global cultivated area increased by 56% in response to rapid population growth, which led to a tremendous decrease in forests, especially tropical there are two main methods for identifying and classifying the PLE space. One is the evaluation system method, based on the PLE function; that is, the function evaluation and classification of the PLE space by establishing a comprehensive evaluation index system [49][50][51]. Due to the availability of data, this method mostly conducts research at the medium-and macroscales, such as cities, counties (districts), or towns.…”

Rural-Spatial Restructuring Promoted by Land-Use Transitions: A Case Study of Zhulin Town in Central China

“…Living space is a land-use system that carries and protects human residential life and social activities. Ecological space is a land-use system that regulates, maintains and protects ecological security functions [45]. There are two common models for identifying and classifying EPL spaces.…”

The Intensity Analysis of Production Living Ecological Land in Shandong Province, China

“…Some land use types often serve multiple functions [6]. For example, beyond the primary function of food production, cropland can also provide ecological benefits [44].…”

“…The transition intensity to PL was larger than to LP land, because PL accounted for a larger percentage of the study area than LP land. The red vertical dashed line in Figure 9(b) indicates the uniform change intensity for PE land loss, which was calculated using Equation (6). The bars of LP land and PL land ended beyond the uniform line.…”

“…Recently, studies on PLE land have increased. There are some studies on the PLE function calculation [5,6], PLE classification system [7][8][9][10], development status [4], eco-environment effects [11], and so forth. With regard to the PLE land classification, some studies proposed conceptual frameworks.…”