Spatiotemporal organization and mechanosensory function of podosomes

Tools of the trade: podosomes as multipurpose organelles of monocytic cells

“…For example, rigidity sensing of the substratum probably involves forces generated between the growing actin network of the core and the more stable layer of unbranched actin filaments that surrounds the core (Fig. 3b) [75,87]. In contrast, other functions such as degradation of matrix material requires the recruitment of additional factors such as matrix-lytic enzymes that have to be delivered by microtubule-dependent transport [53,54].…”

“…The ability for mechano/rigidity sensing is probably based on the specific architecture of podosomes, which combines a protrusive actin network in the core, an adhesive module in the ring, and a coupling of both systems by contractile actomyosin cables that connect the top of the podosome with the adhesive ring [75,87] (Fig. 1).…”

“…1). Rigidity sensing of the substratum could involve forces generated between the growing actin network of the core and the more stable layer of unbranched actin filaments that surrounds the core [75,87] (Fig. 3b).…”

“…Collectively, this leads to a model in which growth of the core by actin polymerization exerts a force on the plasma membrane, generating a counterforce on the lateral actomyosin cables, which leads to recruitment of tension-sensitive ring components such as vinculin and zyxin [87]. Depending on the stiffness of the matrix, the actual extent of these forces will lead to according levels of tension-sensitive components, thereby transducing the physical property of the substratum into biochemical signals at podosomes, which can then be further transmitted within the cell (Fig.…”

Invadosomes in real life

“…The close relationship or the independence between these two functions could be a way to differentiate and classify invadosomes. 7 The crosstalk between the adhesive ring and the protrusive core is also the central point of the commentary by Koen van den Dries, et al 8 This dialog coupled with the molecular composition between the core and the ring are also covered in the commentary by Bravo-Cordeo, et al 9 In this commentary, the authors highlight that while the presence of p190RhoGEF at the ring activates RhoC, p190RhoGAP inhibits RhoC at the core to regulate invadopodia protrusion.…”