Speaking Out on Safe Sleep: Evidence-Based Infant Sleep Recommendations

Bartick, Melissa; Smith, Linda J.

doi:10.1089/bfm.2014.0113

Cited by 32 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…17 Sleeping with an infant on surfaces such as sofas, chairs or recliners, further increases the risk of SIDS associated with bed sharing and many infant deaths related to bed sharing are likely due to situations of accidental sleeping, when parents had not planned to bedshare. 12,17,20 Kendall-Tackett et al found that up to 25% of a sample of primarily breastfeeding mothers fell asleep with their infants in unsafe sleep locations, such as chairs, sofas or recliners. 20 We cannot directly address this issue, since we did not specifically ask mothers about instances of inadvertently falling asleep in various locations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Infant Sleep Location and Breastfeeding Practices in the United States, 2011–2014

Smith¹,

Geller

Kellams

et al. 2016

Academic Pediatrics

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Objective: Our objective is to describe the prevalence of breastfeeding and sleep location practices among US mothers and the factors associated with these behaviors, including advice received regarding these practices. Methods: A nationally representative sample of 3218 mothers, who spoke English or Spanish were enrolled at a sample of 32 US birth hospitals between January 2011 and March 2014. Results: Exclusive breastfeeding was reported by 30.5% of mothers, while an additional 29.5% reported partial breastfeeding. The majority of mothers, 65.5%, reported usually room sharing without bed sharing, while 20.7% reported bed sharing. Compared to mothers who room shared without bed sharing, mothers who bed shared were more likely to report exclusive breastfeeding (aOR 2.46: 95%CI 1.76, 3.45) or partial breastfeeding (aOR1.75: 95% CI 1.33, 2.31). The majority of mothers reported usually room sharing without bedsharing regardless of feeding practices, including 58.2% of exclusively breastfeeding mothers and 70.0% of non-breastfeeding mothers. Receiving advice regarding sleep location or breastfeeding increased adherence to recommendations in a dose response manner (the adjusted odds of roomsharing without bedsharing and exclusive breastfeeding increased as the relevant advice score increased), however, receiving advice regarding sleep location did not impact feeding practices. Conclusion: Many mothers have not adopted the recommended infant sleep location or feeding practices. Receiving advice from multiple sources appears to promote adherence in a dose response manner. Many women are able to both breastfeed and room share without bedsharing, and advice to adhere to both of these recommendations did not decrease breastfeeding rates. What’s New: Many mothers have not adopted recommended infant sleep location or feeding practices. This study suggests that receiving advice from multiple sources promotes adherence to these practices and providing advice on infant sleep recommendations did not negatively affect breastfeeding rates.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…8–19 Parents may receive conflicting advice, resulting in confusion and possibly the adoption of even riskier behaviors, such as unplanned sleeping with infants on sofas, chairs or recliners. 8,13,17,20 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infant Sleep Location and Breastfeeding Practices in the United States, 2011–2014

Smith¹,

Geller

Kellams

et al. 2016

Academic Pediatrics

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“…191 In recent years, the concern among public health officials about bed-sharing has increased, because there have been increased reports of SUIDs occurring in highrisk sleep environments, particularly bed-sharing and/or sleeping on a couch or armchair. 196 -198 On the other hand, some breastfeeding advocacy groups encourage safer bedsharing to promote breastfeeding, 199 and debate continues as to the safety of this sleep arrangement for low-risk, breastfed infants. In an analysis from 2 case-control studies in England (1993-1996 and 2003-2006), Blair et al 200 reported an adjusted OR of bed-sharing (excluding bed-sharing on a sofa) for infants in the absence of parental alcohol or tobacco use of 1.1 (95% CI: 0.6-2.9).…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

SIDS and Other Sleep-Related Infant Deaths: Evidence Base for 2016 Updated Recommendations for a Safe Infant Sleeping Environment

Moon¹

2016

Pediatrics

491

446

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Approximately 3500 infants die annually in the United States from sleep-related infant deaths, including sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS), ill-defined deaths, and accidental suffocation and strangulation in bed. After an initial decrease in the 1990s, the overall sleep-related infant death rate has not declined in more recent years. Many of the modifiable and nonmodifiable risk factors for SIDS and other sleep-related infant deaths are strikingly similar. The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends a safe sleep environment that can reduce the risk of all sleep-related infant deaths. Recommendations for a safe sleep environment include supine positioning, use of a firm sleep surface, room-sharing without bed-sharing, and avoidance of soft bedding and overheating. Additional recommendations for SIDS risk reduction include avoidance of exposure to smoke, alcohol, and illicit drugs; breastfeeding; routine immunization; and use of a pacifier. New evidence and rationale for recommendations are presented for skin-to-skin care for newborn infants, bedside and in-bed sleepers, sleeping on couches/armchairs and in sitting devices, and use of soft bedding after 4 months of age. In addition, expanded recommendations for infant sleep location are included. The recommendations and strength of evidence for each recommendation are published in the accompanying policy statement, “SIDS and Other Sleep-Related Infant Deaths: Updated 2016 Recommendations for a Safe Infant Sleeping Environment,” which is included in this issue.

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“…They conclude that ''the only evidence-based universal advice is that sofas are hazardous places for adults to sleep with infants, that exposure to smoke, both prenatal and postnatal, increases the risk of death, and that sleeping next to an impaired caregiver increases the risk of death.'' 1 As members of the AAP Task Force on SIDS, we respectfully disagree on several points. The authors list several ''leading'' risk factors for SIDS and accidental suffocation (e.g., smoking, prone sleeping, formula feeding, infant sleeping unattended, poverty, sofa sleeping, and parental use of alcohol/drugs).…”

mentioning

confidence: 97%