Special case of lightning strike to Tall Objects on Ground

Raysaha, Rosy Balaram; Kumar, Udaya; Cooray, Vernon; Thottappillil, Rajeev

doi:10.1109/iclp.2010.7845870

Cited by 5 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…As a result, the current initiated at the junction of upward and downward discharges propagate in both the directions [30]. The downward moving current wave encounters a reflection at the TGO-channel junction, however, it is not considered in the present analysis.…”

Section: B Secondary Current Pulse Due To Successive Reflection Withmentioning

confidence: 72%

“…As mentioned in section I, analysis for a secondary current pulse originating from the first ground end reflection of a TGO has been considered in [30]. It is worth recalling here that no simplification was adopted for the secondary current injection in [30] and hence, it was free of any associated limitations.…”

Section: Fig (3)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, as mentioned earlier, the dynamics at the point of injection is expected to have minor influence at the distant wavefront and hence, these limitations can be tolerated. It is worth to recall here that our earlier work [30,31], which is limited to a special case of TGO, is free of any such assumptions/limitations.…”

Section: B Secondary Current Pulse Injectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is worth recalling here that no simplification was adopted for the secondary current injection in [30] and hence, it was free of any associated limitations. For the sake of comparison, first ground end reflection from a 560 m TGO is analyzed here.…”

Section: Fig (3)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In our earlier work [30,31], analysis for the first ground end reflected wave from struck TGO was dealt without resorting to any artificial current injection. It was shown that this secondary current pulse merges with the main wavefront without any sign of reflection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Investigation on the Interaction of Secondary Current Pulses with the Main Wavefront

Raysaha¹,

Kumar²

2011

JLR

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Additional current pulses get injected into the lightning channel from branches and/or from successive reflections within struck Tall Grounded Objects (TGOs). These pulses termed here as "secondary current waves/pulses" affect the lightning Electro-Magnetic Fields (EMFs). With regard to these, an important question arises on whether or not these pulses get reflected at the main wavefront and there seems to be uncertainty in the pertinent literature. A particular case involving only the first ground end reflection from a struck TGO has been fully dealt in our earlier work. However, the same for subsequent reflections from TGO and that for the current fed by the branches were not dealt and this forms the main goal of present work. As the main objective is to ascertain the status of these secondary current pulses after they have reached the main wavefront, dynamics at the point of injection assumes lesser importance. In view of this, a lumped voltage source is employed for the injection of secondary current pulses at appropriate time instants. The main stroke evolution is emulated by a macroscopic physical model, which was developed in our earlier work. Investigation showed that these secondary pulses merge with the main wavefront without any sign of reflection whatsoever. Analysis showed that the spatial dynamic resistance/conductance profile at the main wavefront is basically responsible for the same with distributed source providing additional support. These findings are in line with the observations made in our earlier work for the first ground end reflected current.

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Section: B Secondary Current Pulse Due To Successive Reflection Withmentioning

confidence: 72%

Section: Fig (3)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: B Secondary Current Pulse Injectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Fig (3)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Investigation on the Interaction of Secondary Current Pulses with the Main Wavefront

Raysaha¹,

Kumar²

2011

JLR

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Relativistic Doppler effect in an extending transmission line: Application to lightning

Shoory

Rachidi

Rubinstein³

2011

J. Geophys. Res.

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[1] We present in this paper a thorough analysis of current wave propagation with arbitrary speed along an extending transmission line. We derive rigorous analytical equations in the time and frequency domains expressing the reflections of the current wave occurring at the extending end of the line. The derived equations reveal that it is not possible to represent current reflections occurring at the extending end of a transmission line using a constant, frequency-independent reflection coefficient, as previously done in the literature. The reflected wave from the extending end of the line is shown to be affected by the Doppler frequency shift. In other words, the reflected wave from an extending transmission line suffers distortion, the amount of which depends on the incident wave form, its frequency content, and the speed of the extending end of the line. The derived expression is in agreement with the relativistic Doppler effect and is consistent with the Lorentz transformation. Finally, engineering models for return strokes are generalized and closed-form analytical expressions are derived for the spatial-temporal distribution of the current along the channel accounting for reflections at ground and at the return stroke wave front taking into account the Doppler effect.

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Investigation on the Sources of Reflection at the Junction of Tall Grounded Object and Lightning Channel

Raysaha

Kumar

2011

IEEE Trans. Electromagn. Compat.

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Special case of lightning strike to Tall Objects on Ground

Cited by 5 publications

References 29 publications

Investigation on the Interaction of Secondary Current Pulses with the Main Wavefront

Investigation on the Interaction of Secondary Current Pulses with the Main Wavefront

Relativistic Doppler effect in an extending transmission line: Application to lightning

Investigation on the Sources of Reflection at the Junction of Tall Grounded Object and Lightning Channel

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