Layered double hydroxides (LDHs) is a widely used emerging material. With its adjustable composition, other ions or materials can be incorporated on the surface or in the layer to synthesize modified materials with stronger ability to capture target pollutants. Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) exist in air, water and soil for a long time, which not only affect the ecosystem and ecological balance, but also endanger human health. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the application potential of LDHs in the treatment of POPs. The removal mechanism of persistent organic pollutants by LDHs includes adsorption and activated persulfate oxidation. The factors affecting the removal of POPs by LDHs include the characteristics of LDHs itself (including the inherent characteristics of composition, structure, morphology, etc.), coexisting substrates, temperature, etc.