Speciation of butyl and phenyltin compounds using dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction and gas chromatography-flame photometric detection

Birjandi, Afsoon Pajand; Bidari, Araz; Rezaei, Farzad; Hosseini, M. Reza; Assadi, Yaghoub

doi:10.1016/j.chroma.2008.04.003

Cited by 102 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…Then, a cloudy solution (water/disperser solvent/extraction solvent) was formed and the analyte was extracted into the interior of the droplets of the extraction solvent. After a very short extraction time (a few seconds), the phase separation was accomplished by centrifugation, and the analyte was sedimented in the bottom and removed by syringe and analyzed by various techniques like gas chromatography (GC) [23,24], liquid chromatography (LC) [25,26], flame and electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS, ETAAS) [27,28], and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) [29] and UV-vis spectrophotometry [30]. Lately, the DLLME combined with high performance liquid chromatography-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (HPLC-ICP-MS) was developed for the speciation of mercury in water samples [31], in which the high sensitivity and excellent linear range were attained for Hg 2+ but with high ICP-MS cost.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of mercury(II) in water samples using dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction and back extraction along with capillary zone electrophoresis

Lü

et al. 2011

Microchim Acta

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We have developed a method for the determination of mercury in water samples that combines dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) with backextraction (BE) and detection by capillary zone electrophoresis. DLLME is found to be a simple, cost-effective and rapid method for extraction and preconcentration. The BE procedure is based on the fact that the stability constant of the hydrophilic chelate of Hg(II) with Lcysteine is much larger than that of the respective complex with 1-(2-pyridylazo)-2-naphthol. Factors affecting complex formation and extraction efficiency (such as pH value, concentration of the chelating agent, time of ultrasonication and extraction, and type and quantity of disperser solvent) were optimized. Under the optimal conditions, the enrichment factor is 625, and the limit of detection is 0.62 μg L −1 . The calibration plot is linear in the range between 1 and 1,000 μg L −1 (R 2 =0.9991), and the relative standard deviation (RSD, for n=6) is 4.1%. Recoveries were determined with tap water and seawater spiked at levels of 10 and 100 μg L −1 , respectively, and ranged from 86.6% to 95.1%, with corresponding RSDs of 3.95-5.90%.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of mercury(II) in water samples using dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction and back extraction along with capillary zone electrophoresis

Lü

et al. 2011

Microchim Acta

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“…According to various reports, ethylation of organotin compounds by NaBEt 4 is favorable at a broad pH range from 4 to 8 the commonly used pH for organotins determination being 4-6 [19,26,[28][29][30][31]. However, most of these works deal with butyltins or phenyltins.…”

Section: Derivatization Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The extraction solvent containing the analytes is separated by centrifugation and analyzed by an appropriate method. There are few studies on the application of DLLME for organotins extraction from water samples [26,27]. However, only butyltin and phenyltin compounds were considered using DLLME but, as far as we know, for methyltin compounds, no application of this technique has been reported.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Speciation of methyltins by dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction and gas chromatography with mass spectrometry

2014

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Dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction in combination with an in situ derivatization is suggested for methyltin compound sampling and preconcentration from water solutions. The derivatization was carried out with sodium tetraethylborate at pH 3. The effects of extraction and disperser solvents type, volume, and extraction time on the extraction efficiency were investigated. 1,2-Dichlorobenzene was used as an extraction solvent and ethanol was used as a disperser solvent. The calibration graphs for all the analytes were linear up to 2 μg (Sn) L(-1), correlation coefficients were 0.998-0.999, LODs were 0.13, 0.05, and 0.06 ng (Sn) L(-1) for trimethyltin, DMT, and monomethyltin, respectively. Repeatabilities of the results were acceptable with RSDs up to 12.1%. A possibility to apply the proposed method for methyltin compound determination in water samples was demonstrated.

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“…In this technique, a ternary component solvent system: two organic solvents having different characteristics are involved in use, one is hydrophilic which performs as dispersive solvent such as acetone 28 and the other is hydrophobic which performs as extraction solvent such as carbon tetrachloride. 29 In this work, 1 mL of 1% (w/v) APDC solution was added to 15 mL of blood and urine samples and pH was adjusted to 4 with buffer solution in a centrifuge tube. Then, 0.2 g of IL was added to the mixtures and they were shaken with a vortex apparatus for 2 min.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultra-trace Arsenic Determination in Urine and Whole Blood Samples by Flow Injection-Hydride Generation Atomic Absorption Spectrometry after Preconcentration and Speciation Based on Dispersive Liquid-Liquid Microextraction

Shirkhanloo¹,

Rouhollahi

Mousavi³

2011

Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society

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A noble method for pre-concentration and speciation of ultra trace As (III) and As (V) in urine and whole blood samples based on dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) has been developed. In this method, As (III) was complexed with ammonium pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate at pH = 4 and Then, As (III) was extracted into the ionic liquid (IL). Finally, As (III) was back-extracted from the IL with hydrochloric acid (HCl) and its concentration was determined by flow injection coupled with hydride generation atomic absorption spectrometry (FI-HGAAS). Total amount of arsenic was determined by reducing As (V) to As (III) with potassium iodide (KI) and ascorbic acid in HCl solution and then, As (V) was calculated by the subtracting the total arsenic and As (III) content. Under the optimum conditions, for 5-15 mL of blood and urine samples, the detection limit (3σ) and linear range were achieved 5 ng L −1 and 0.02-10 μg L −1, respectively. The method was applied successfully to the speciation and determination of As (III) and As (V) in biological samples of multiple sclerosis patients with suitable precision results (RSD < 5%). Validation of the methodology was performed by the standard reference material (CRM).

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Speciation of butyl and phenyltin compounds using dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction and gas chromatography-flame photometric detection

Cited by 102 publications

References 53 publications

Determination of mercury(II) in water samples using dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction and back extraction along with capillary zone electrophoresis

Determination of mercury(II) in water samples using dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction and back extraction along with capillary zone electrophoresis

Speciation of methyltins by dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction and gas chromatography with mass spectrometry

Ultra-trace Arsenic Determination in Urine and Whole Blood Samples by Flow Injection-Hydride Generation Atomic Absorption Spectrometry after Preconcentration and Speciation Based on Dispersive Liquid-Liquid Microextraction

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