Species and temperature measurements of methane oxidation in a nanosecond repetitively pulsed discharge

Lefkowitz, Joseph K.; Guo, Peng; Rousso, Aric; Ju, Yiguang

doi:10.1098/rsta.2014.0333

Cited by 109 publications

(81 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…It was previously believed that O 1 D reactions with hydrocarbons are not significant, due to their fast quenching reactions with the diluent gases [24,25], so most of the available plasma chemistry mechanisms do not contain reactions between O 1 D and hydrocarbons. In typical plasma-assisted combustion environments, however, the concentrations of hydrocarbons are high, and the rate of reactions between O 1 D and hydrocarbons may not be negligible [29]. In this study, reactions between O 1 D and hydrocarbons are added to the kinetic mechanism (Table 4).…”

Section: Transport Coefficients Of Electron and Rate Coefficients mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The multiscale nature of PAC, however, creates enormous challenges for conducting comprehensive modeling studies. Consequently, several studies have resorted to simplified 0D kinetic models in order to begin to illuminate the plasma kinetic and thermal effects in fuel/air mixtures [21,22,24,25,29]. In these simulations, the plasma discharge was assumed to be uniform over the entire domain during each voltage pulse.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nanosecond Pulsed Plasma Activated C2H4/O2/Ar Mixtures in a Flow Reactor

Yang¹,

Gao²,

Yang³

et al. 2016

Journal of Propulsion and Power

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The present work combines numerical and experimental efforts to investigate the effect of nanosecond pulsed plasma discharges on the low-temperature oxidation of C 2 H 4 ∕O 2 ∕Ar mixtures under reduced pressure conditions. The nonequilibrium plasma discharge is modeled using a one-dimensional framework, employing separate electron and neutral gas temperatures, and using a detailed plasma and combustion chemical kinetic mechanism. Good agreement is seen between the numerical and experimental results, and both results show that plasma enables lowtemperature C 2 H 4 oxidation. Compared to zero-dimensional modeling, the one-dimensional modeling significantly improves predictions, probably because it produces a more complete physical description (including sheath formation and accurate reduced electric field). Furthermore, the one-and zero-dimensional models show very different reaction pathways, using the same chemical kinetic mechanism and thus suggest different interpretations of the experimental results. Two kinetic mechanisms (HP-Mech and USC Mech-II) are examined in this study. The modeling results from HP-Mech agree better with the experimental results than those of USC Mech-II because USC Mech-II does not include the OH C 2 H 4 CH 2 CH 2 OH reaction pathway. The model shows that 75-77% of the input pulse energy is consumed during the breakdown process in electron impact dissociation, excitation, and ionization reactions, which efficiently produce reactive radical species, fuel fragments, and excited species. The modeling results using HP-Mech reveal that reactions between O 1 D and C 2 H 4 generate 24% of OH, 19% of HCO, 60% of CH 3 , 63% of CH 2 , and 17% of CH 2 O. These in turn significantly enhance hydrocarbon oxidation, since 83% of CO comes from HCO and 53% of CO 2 comes from CH 2 under the present low-temperature environment and short time scale. Nomenclature E = electric field, V · cm −1 F EHD i = electrohydrodynamic force per unit volume, kg · cm −2 · s −1 Gt = nondimensional heat transfer parameter J e;s = wall boundary flux of electrons, cm −2 · s −1 J k = flux of kth species, cm −2 · s −1 J ϵ = flux of electron energy, eV · cm −2 · s −1 J ϵ;s = wall boundary flux of electron energy, eV · cm −2 · s −1 J ;s = wall boundary flux of positive ions, cm −2 · s −1 J −;s = wall boundary flux of negative ions, cm −2 · s −1 J ;− = net positive and negative charge fluxes, respectively, cm −2 · s −1

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Section: Transport Coefficients Of Electron and Rate Coefficients mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanosecond Pulsed Plasma Activated C2H4/O2/Ar Mixtures in a Flow Reactor

Yang¹,

Gao²,

Yang³

et al. 2016

Journal of Propulsion and Power

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“…In order to understand the kinetic pathways of low temperature oxidation in plasma assisted combustion, experimental and numerical studies of low temperature methane [19] oxidation in a nanosecond repetitively pulsed (NRP) discharge have been carried out [26,27]. The experimental setup is shown in Fig.…”

Section: Low Temperature Oxidation Of Methane In a Flow Reactor With mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[31] and chemical reactions using the adaptive time-stepping of CHEMKIN [26]. Energy transfer between molecules in ground states, electronically excited states and ions are also incorporated [32].…”

Section: Low Temperature Oxidation Of Methane In a Flow Reactor With mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Plasma Assisted Low Temperature Combustion

Lefkowitz

Reuter

et al. 2015

Plasma Chem Plasma Process

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146

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This paper presents recent kinetic and flame studies in plasma assisted low temperature combustion. First, the kinetic pathways of plasma chemistry to enhance low temperature fuel oxidation are discussed. The impacts of plasma chemistry on fuel oxidation pathways at low temperature conditions, substantially enhancing ignition and flame stabilization, are analyzed base on the ignition and extinction S-curve. Secondly, plasma assisted low temperature ignition, direct ignition to flame transition, diffusion cool flames, and premixed cool flames are demonstrated experimentally by using dimethyl ether and n-heptane as fuels. The results show that non-equilibrium plasma is an effective way to accelerate low temperature ignition and fuel oxidation, thus enabling the establishment of stable cool flames at atmospheric pressure. Finally, the experiments from both a nonequilibrium plasma reactor and a photolysis reactor are discussed, in which the direct measurements of intermediate species during the low temperature oxidations of methane/ methanol and ethylene are performed, allowing the investigation of modified kinetic pathways by plasma-combustion chemistry interactions. Finally, the validity of kinetic mechanisms for plasma assisted low temperature combustion is investigated. Technical challenges for future research in plasma assisted low temperature combustion are then summarized.

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A review on plasma combustion of fuel in internal combustion engines

et al. 2017

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Summary In recent years, new ways of improving the combustion efficiency of fuel during gas turbine operations have been developed. The most significant has been the application of plasma technology for the combustion of fuel in gas turbine operations. Plasma is formed when gas is exposed to either high temperature or high‐voltage electricity. This technology is very promising and has proven to enhance the performance of gas turbines and reduce toxic emissions. Recent studies have shown the use of different types of plasma applications in gas turbine operations such as plasma torch, filamentary discharge, and nanosecond pulse discharge, whose results show that plasma technology has great potential in improving flame stabilization, the fuel/air mixing ratio, and flash point values of these fuels. These findings and advances have further provided new opportunities in the development of efficient plasma discharges for practical uses in plasma combustion of fuel for gas turbine operations. This article is a comprehensive overview of the advances and blind spots in the knowledge of plasma combustion of fuel during internal combustion engine operations. This review also focuses on applications, methods, and experimental results in plasma combustion of fuel in gas turbines.

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Species and temperature measurements of methane oxidation in a nanosecond repetitively pulsed discharge

Cited by 109 publications

References 64 publications

Nanosecond Pulsed Plasma Activated C2H4/O2/Ar Mixtures in a Flow Reactor

Nanosecond Pulsed Plasma Activated C2H4/O2/Ar Mixtures in a Flow Reactor

Plasma Assisted Low Temperature Combustion

A review on plasma combustion of fuel in internal combustion engines

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