Species distribution of Enterobacteriaceae and non-Enterobacteriaceae responsible for urinary tract infections at the Zainoel Abidin Hospital in Banda Aceh, Indonesia

Abstract

Abstract. Suhartono S, Mahdani W, Hayati Z, Nurhalimah N. 2021. Species distribution of Enterobacteriaceae and non-Enterobacteriaceae responsible for urinary tract infections at the Zainoel Abidin Hospital in Banda Aceh, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 3313-3318. Urinary tract infection (UTI) is an infection that occurs along the urinary tract caused by pathogenic bacteria. Enterobacteriaceae and non-Enterobacteriaceae are generally normal flora originating from the large intestine and vaginal mucosa. This study aimed to assess the distribution of Enterobacteriaceae and non -Enterobacteriaceae pathogens that cause UTI based on species diversity, patient age, gender, and hospital units, and to evaluate their antibiotic sensitivity to uropathogens in ZAH. In total, there were 284 isolates classified as UTI pathogens with 178 Enterobacteriaceae isolates dominated by Escherichia coli and 107 non- Enterobacteriaceae isolates. Non- Enterobacteriaceae consisted of 77 isolates of Gram-positive dominated by Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus facium, and 29 isolates of Gram-negative dominated by Acinetobacter baumannii. The highest UTI ratio was found in the elderly (56-65 years), namely 66.2% Enterobacteriaceae and 33.8% non-Enterobacteriaceae isolates. Based on gender, females were infected with Enterobacteriaceae (66.86%) and non-Enterobacteriaceae (37.41%). Most of UTI patients in the internal medicine unit were infected with Enterobacteriaceae (55.36%) and non-Enterobacteriaceae (44.64%). Amikacin, meropenem, and levofloxacin were antibiotics that had high sensitivity against Enterobacterial and non-Enterobacterial uropathogens. The emergence of Gram-positive uropathogens need to be concerned as these groups start emerging. It is also important to monitor regularly the antibiotic susceptibility of bacterial UTI pathogens to ensure the efficacy of current UTI treatments and minimize the UTI incidence in nosocomial settings.

Distribution of multidrug-resistant Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium isolated from clinical specimens in the Zainoel Abidin General Hospital, Banda Aceh, Indonesia

“…A total of 299 enterococcal isolates have been recovered in the present study with E. faecalis being more prevalent than E. faecium. These findings corroborate other previous investigations (Billington et al 2014;Boccella et al 2021;Suhartono et al 2021) signifying the higher species distribution of E. faecalis over E. faecium. Additionally, the present study was conducted to elucidate the antibiotic susceptibility and prevalence of MDR E. faecalis and E. faecium, based on clinical specimens, and patient's gender, age, and hospital wards at the hospital.…”

“…Previous investigation found that enterococci were detected in ten percent out of 791 hospitalized patients diagnosed as complicated urinary tract infections (Turjeman et al 2021). Additionally, our previous research also found that both E. faecalis and E. faecium as the major Gram positive uropathogens for about 58% in total of all non-Enterobacteriaceae (n = 107) detected in urine samples of patients suffering from urinary tract infections during a period of February to December 2020 at the Zainoel Abidin Hospital (ZAH) Banda Aceh, Indonesia (Suhartono et al 2021). In addition as uropathogens, the present study also highlights the pathogens associated with bloodstream and wound infections which are in alignment with previous studies (Jabbari Shiadeh et al 2019).…”

Phenotypic antibiotic susceptibility profile of clinical Enterobacteriaceae isolates from Kaduna State, northwest Nigeria

“…In line with the results of previous studies, this study observed a higher incidence of Enterobacteriaceae isolation in females compared to males [ 24 25 ]. Various factors, such as anatomical differences, hygiene practices, and immune status, may contribute to a heightened susceptibility of females to Enterobacteriaceae infections compared to their male counterparts, in addition to potentially non-random selection of isolates [ 26 ].…”