Species mixing reduces drought susceptibility of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and oak (Quercus robur L., Quercus petraea (Matt.) Liebl.) – Site water supply and fertility modify the mixing effect

Steckel, Mathias; Rı́o, Miren del; Heym, Michael; Aldea, Jorge; Bielak, Kamil; Brazaitis, Gediminas; Černý, Jakub; Coll, Lluís; Collet, Catherine; Ehbrecht, Martin; Jansons, Āris; Nothdurft, Arne; Pach, Maciej; Pardos, Marta; Ponette, Quentin; Reventlow, Ditlev Otto Juel; Sitko, Roman; Svoboda, Miroslav; Vallet, Patrick; Wolff, Barbara; Pretzsch, Hans

doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2020.117908

Cited by 110 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 136 publications

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“…Some studies [10,16,19,20] showed a tendency towards higher drought resistance in inter-compared with intra-specific neighborhoods, however other works by Forrester et al 2016& Grossiord 2014 put this into perspective.…”

Section: Relevance For Forest Management (H3 and H4)mentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Although some studies have reported a positive drought response with increasing water supply along the gradient for several species such as pine and oak [19], spruce, fir and beech [73], spruce, oak and beech [16] and Taiwan Pine in subtropical China [81]; others have reported findings in contradiction [5,26]. Moreover, studies from other geographical regions [82] suggested drier forests to be more adaptable to the future drought events than the wetter forests.…”

Section: Drought Response Along An Ecological Gradient (H2)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For modelling approach, we used a linear mixed effect model [64] package: nlme [65], accounting for random effects due to spatial variability in the datasets. This model addresses the inter-correlation of samples [19] caused due to either spatial or temporal nesting. We used the site i as the random effect b i to account for spatial nesting.…”

Section: Statistical Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several studies have documented drought responses of various species in Europe. A recent study by Steckel et al 2020 [19] showed Oak and Pine in the mixtures to be more resistant, and Oak to be more resilient than their pure counterparts, where resilience and resistance of Oak improved with site water supply. Thurm et al 2016 [20] showed Douglas-fir to be faster in drought recovery in contrast to the beech within a Douglas-fir beech mixture.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Drought Resistance of Norway Spruce (Picea abies [L.] Karst) and European Beech (Fagus sylvatica [L.]) in Mixed vs. Monospecific Stands and on Dry vs. Wet Sites. From Evidence at the Tree Level to Relevance at the Stand Level

Rukh

Poschenrieder

Heym

et al. 2020

Forests

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Frequency of drought years is expected to increase through climate warming. Mixed stands have often shown to be more productive than monospecific stands in terms of yield and of resistance against windthrows and bark beetle attacks. Mixture of beech and spruce is of particular interest. However, little is known about its growth reaction to drought. Therefore, we investigated the drought reaction of beech and spruce in mixed vs. monospecific stands along an ecological gradient. In particular, we sought evidence for mixture-related resilience on the individual tree level. Therefore, we quantified the response of tree ring width to drought. Moreover, we attempted to explain the relevance of individual tree response on the stand level by quantifying the stand level loss of volume growth after drought. At the individual tree level, beech was found to be more resilient and resistant in pure vs. mixed stands. Spruce, in contrast, was favored by mixture, and this was especially evident on drier sites. Along the gradient, growth losses at stand level increased in both mixed and pure stands in 2015, with growth gains on the drier sites observed in the same drought year, in accordance with the Stress Gradient Hypothesis. However, the stand level difference of growth loss between mixed and pure stands was not statistically significant. Mitigating mixture effects on the level of the individual tree thus did not become evident on the level of the whole stand.

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Section: Relevance For Forest Management (H3 and H4)mentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Drought Response Along An Ecological Gradient (H2)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Statistical Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Drought Resistance of Norway Spruce (Picea abies [L.] Karst) and European Beech (Fagus sylvatica [L.]) in Mixed vs. Monospecific Stands and on Dry vs. Wet Sites. From Evidence at the Tree Level to Relevance at the Stand Level

Rukh

Poschenrieder

Heym

et al. 2020

Forests

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“…It has been shown that water budget components of Scots pine forests could be influenced by forest management [7,75]. Tree species selection is an important management tool to mitigate the consequences of climate change [89]. Scots pine plantations in northeast Germany are subjected to forest conversion toward more diverse forests with higher broad leaf percentages [90].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water Budgets of Managed Forests in Northeast Germany under Climate Change—Results from a Model Study on Forest Monitoring Sites

et al. 2021

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To develop measures to reduce the vulnerability of forests to drought, it is necessary to estimate specific water balances in sites and to estimate their development with climate change scenarios. We quantified the water balance of seven forest monitoring sites in northeast Germany for the historical time period 1961–2019, and for climate change projections for the time period 2010–2100. We used the LWF-BROOK90 hydrological model forced with historical data, and bias-adjusted data from two models of the fifth phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5) downscaled with regional climate models under the representative concentration pathways (RCPs) 2.6 and 8.5. Site-specific monitoring data were used to give a realistic model input and to calibrate and validate the model. The results revealed significant trends (evapotranspiration, dry days (actual/potential transpiration < 0.7)) toward drier conditions within the historical time period and demonstrate the extreme conditions of 2018 and 2019. Under RCP8.5, both models simulate an increase in evapotranspiration and dry days. The response of precipitation to climate change is ambiguous, with increasing precipitation with one model. Under RCP2.6, both models do not reveal an increase in drought in 2071–2100 compared to 1990–2019. The current temperature increase fits RCP8.5 simulations, suggesting that this scenario is more realistic than RCP2.6.

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Tree diversity effects on productivity depend on mycorrhizae and life strategies in a temperate forest experiment

Dietrich

Ferlian

Huang

et al. 2022

Ecology

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Tree species are known to predominantly interact either with arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) or ectomycorrhizal (EM) fungi. However, there is a knowledge gap regarding whether these mycorrhizae differently influence biodiversity-ecosystem functioning (BEF) relationships and whether a combination of both can increase community productivity. In 2015, we established a tree-diversity experiment by growing tree communities with varying species richness levels (one, two, or four species) and either with AM or EM tree species or a combination of both. We investigated basal area and annual basal area increment from 2015 to 2020 as proxies for community productivity. We found significant positive relationships between tree species richness and community productivity, which strengthened over time. Further, AM and EM tree species differently influenced productivity; however, there was no overyielding when AM and EM trees grew together. EM tree communities were characterized by low productivity in the beginning but an increase of increment over time and showed overall strong biodiversity effects. For AM tree communities the opposite was true. Although young trees did not benefit from the presence of the other mycorrhizal type, dissimilar mechanisms underlying BEF relationships in AM and EM trees indicate that maximizing tree and mycorrhizal diversity may increase ecosystem functioning in the long run.

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Species mixing reduces drought susceptibility of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and oak (Quercus robur L., Quercus petraea (Matt.) Liebl.) – Site water supply and fertility modify the mixing effect

Cited by 110 publications

References 136 publications

Drought Resistance of Norway Spruce (Picea abies [L.] Karst) and European Beech (Fagus sylvatica [L.]) in Mixed vs. Monospecific Stands and on Dry vs. Wet Sites. From Evidence at the Tree Level to Relevance at the Stand Level

Drought Resistance of Norway Spruce (Picea abies [L.] Karst) and European Beech (Fagus sylvatica [L.]) in Mixed vs. Monospecific Stands and on Dry vs. Wet Sites. From Evidence at the Tree Level to Relevance at the Stand Level

Water Budgets of Managed Forests in Northeast Germany under Climate Change—Results from a Model Study on Forest Monitoring Sites

Tree diversity effects on productivity depend on mycorrhizae and life strategies in a temperate forest experiment

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