Species of Malva L. (Malvaceae) Cultivated in the Western of Santa Catarina State and Conformity With Species Marketed as Medicinal Plants in Southern Brazil

Abstract

The Malva genus presents different species with therapeutic potential and inadequate consumption can occur due to the incorrect identification of the plant in the market. The objective of this study was to identify species of the Malva genus cultivated in the Western Mesoregion of Santa Catarina State-Southern Brazil, and to verify the conformity of products' labels marketed as dehydrated medicinal plants through the characteristics of the plant parts. The specimens were collected following an unsystematic procedure from households of ten municipalities. The material was identified with the help of specialized bibliography and a specialist. After, they were herborized and deposited in the herbaria of the State University of Santa Catarina (LUSC) and of the Botanical Garden Research Institute of Rio de Janeiro (RB). Five cultivated species of Malva were found (M. nicaeensis, M. parviflora, M. pseudolavatera, M. Sylvestris and M. verticillata). Whereas one species of the Geraniaceae family (Pelargonium graveolens) and three species of the Malvaceae family (Malva sylvestris, M. verticillata and Sida cordifolia) were found in the dehydrated packages. S. cordifolia species was present in 80% of the samples, with 65% of them marketed as M. sylvestris or under the common name of "mallow". Macroscopic images of the species and illustrations of the mericarps were made and an identification chart along with the morphological description for each species was elaborated based on the morphological results. Descriptions of labels for 60 samples were checked for the determination of the dehydrated Malva species marketed. Characteristics of parts of the plant in comparing them with the characteristics described in the specialized literature were performed. The target species of incorrect identifications in the analyzed packages was M. sylvestris.

Modulation of Hair Growth Promoting Effect by Natural Products

“…AS or oregonin (active substance in AS) treatment increased IGF-1 levels and decreased TGF-β1 levels in H 2 O 2 -induced stressed hDPCs [31]. Malva verticillate (MV) is an edible plant widely used in East Asia [118]. MV is a rich source of phenolic compounds that possess antioxidants [119], anti-complementary, hypoglycemic [120], and antidiabetic effects by activating AMP-activated protein kinase [121].…”

Cytogenotoxic potential of Malva parviflora L. cultivated under different light conditions

“…For many centuries, the treatment with these plants was the only resource available to various ethnic groups, and currently, plants continue to be frequently used for the treatment of pathologies in many countries (Gasparetto, Martins, Hayashi, Otuky, & Pontarolo, 2011;Souza et al, 2020), including Brazil. Besides being part of the culture, their use can be influenced by the high cost of medicines, the difficulty of access to medical consultations (Oliveira, Bovini, Bortoluzzi, Boff, & Boff, 2019), and the growing trend of the return of the use of natural resources as an alternative to synthetic medicines (Liu, Wang, & Kang, 2022).…”

“…Malvaceae Juss. is a botanical family with a rich diversity of species used for various purposes, such as medicinal, textile, and ornamental (Oliveira et al, 2019). As one of the 10 richest angiosperm families in Brazil (The Brazil Flora Group, 2021), it is composed of about 280 genera (World Flora Online, 2022a) and 861 species (Flora e Funga do Brasil, 2022).…”

“…As one of the 10 richest angiosperm families in Brazil (The Brazil Flora Group, 2021), it is composed of about 280 genera (World Flora Online, 2022a) and 861 species (Flora e Funga do Brasil, 2022). It has a cosmopolitan distribution, with a high number of species in the tropics (Oliveira et al, 2019). The genus Malva comprises about 140 species (World Flora Online, 2022b), and can be considered as annual or biennial herbaceous (Liu et al, 2022).…”

Bacillus subtilis Fermentation of Malva verticillata Leaves Enhances Antioxidant Activity and Osteoblast Differentiation

“…Malva verticillata is an annual or biennial plant that grows in temperate and subtropical regions and belongs to the Malvaceae family [3]. Mature seeds of M. verticillata have been used as medicines for centuries as diuretics and laxatives [4].…”