In the effective mass approximation for electronic (hole) states of a spheroidal quantum dot with and without external fields the perturbation theory schemes are constructed in the framework of the Kantorovich and adiabatic methods. The eigenvalues and eigenfunctions of the problem, obtained in both analytical and numerical forms, were applied for the analysis of spectral and optical characteristics of spheroidal quantum dots in homogeneous electric fields. * Submitted to Physics of Atomic Nuclei † Electronic address: gooseff@jinr.ru 1 arXiv:1211.4768v1 [cond-mat.mes-hall]