Specific genotypes of human papillomavirus in 125 high-grade squamous lesions and invasive cervical cancer cases from Congolese women

Abstract

BackgroundKnowledge on HPV prevalence and genotype distribution in HSIL and ICC is highly essential for the introduction of an effective vaccination program and appropriate epidemiological monitoring of viral ecology before and after vaccination in Congo. This study aimed to determine the specific-HPV genotypes in HSIL and ICC among women in southwestern Congo.Methods125 archival paraffin-embedded biopsy collected between 2008 and 2012 and histologically diagnosed were investigated. DNA extraction was performed using the phenol/chloroform method. HPV search was performed by nested-PCR using MY09/MY11 and GP5+/GP6+ consensus primers followed by direct sequencing.ResultsThe mean age of participants was 44.3 ± 8.2 years. Overall, HPV prevalence was 89.6% (112/125) with all high-risk genotypes. HPV-DNA was detected in 81.5% (53/65) of HSIL and 98.3% (59/60) of ICC. HPV 16 the most common genotype was detected in 47.1% (25/53) of HSIL and 52.5% (31/59) of ICC. Other types identified were: HPV 33 (22.6%), HPV 18 (15%), HPV 31 (11.3%) and HPV 69 (3.7%) in HSIL, and HPV 33 (28.8%), HPV 18 (11.8%), HPV 31 (5%) and HPV 35 (1.7%) in ICC. Knowing that the ADC accounted for 6.7% (4/60) of ICC cases, HPV 18 was identified in 25% (1/4) of these cases against 75% (3/4) for HPV 16.ConclusionOur study showed that HPV 16, 33, 18 and 31 were the four most common genotypes in women with HSIL and ICC. These findings indicate that current vaccines against HPV could help to reduce the burden of cervical cancer in Congo.

Human papillomavirus genotypes distribution by cervical cytologic status among women attending the General Hospital of Loandjili, Pointe-Noire, Southwest Congo (Brazzaville)

“…All HSIL/ICC cases were HPV positive, caused by highrisk types. Specific profile of genotypes found in these women confirms recent findings in this area in cases of paraffin biopsies from women with high-grade squamous lesions and invasive cervical cancer [Boumba et al, 2014], which is also typical of those reported in the literature [Eslami et al, 2008;Odida et al, 2008;de Sanjose et al, 2010;De et al, 2013;De Vuyst et al, 2013]. The result shows the interest that may have current vaccines in reducing HPV infections and prevent cervical cancer in Southwest of Congo.…”

“…This low rate could be explained by the limited number of genotypes evaluated for coinfection and not the technique used. However, the evaluated genotypes account for over 95% of the types circulating in our study population [Boumba et al, 2014]. This hypothesis makes not significant the limit caused by the number of genotypes studied for coinfection while valuing the prevalence found.…”

“…There is no national organized cervical cancer screening program [WHO/ ICO, 2014], yet less data on the burden of cervical HPV infection, whereas the two prophylactic vaccines are certified in the country since 2009 [Alidjinou et al, 2013]. A recent hospital-based study showed that were the most prevalent genotypes in high-grade squamous lesions and in invasive cervical cancer in southwest of the Congo [Boumba et al, 2014].…”

The Prevalence and Distribution of High Risk Human Papillomavirus Genotypes in Patients with Dysplastic Lesions: a Population Study

“…After HPV types 16, the most commonly detected types were HPV 31 and HPV 33, followed by HPV 58, 18, 45, and 56 in the Czech Republic, or HPV 58, 51, 52, and 18 in Slovenia. According to a study by Boumba et al [9], the most common genotype in Europe was HPV 16, followed by HPV 18, 33, 45, 31, and in the world HPV 16,18,33,45,58.…”

“…Fifteen oncogenic strains of HPV associated with pre-cancerous lesions (intraepithelial with high risk) or CC have been identified (HPV 16,18,31,33,35,39,45 [9,10].…”