Specific surface area of clay minerals: Comparison between atomic force microscopy measurements and bulk-gas (N2) and -liquid (EGME) adsorption methods

Macht, F.; Eusterhues, Karin; Pronk, Geertje Johanna; Totsche, Kai Uwe

doi:10.1016/j.clay.2011.04.006

Cited by 219 publications

(121 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…This result is in accordance with former studies on SSA determinations with high values for illite (41 m 2 /g; Macht et al 2011) and chlorite (*5-160 m 2 /g; Heister 2014) but only low values for all the other major rock constituents in the Altmark sandstones (chalcedony/quartz, albite, K-feldspar and calcite: 0.07 m 2 / g; Rimstidt and Barnes 1981;Blum and Stillings 1995;Lee and Morse 1999;Brantley and Mellott 2000). Thus, the exposure of only small amounts of clay minerals will affect the reactivity much strongly, than any other mineral phases present in the Altmark sandstones.…”

Section: (Clay) Fine Migrationsupporting

confidence: 94%

The chemical dissolution and physical migration of minerals induced during CO2 laboratory experiments: their relevance for reservoir quality

et al. 2015

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The characterization of the quality and storage capacity of geological underground reservoirs is one of the most important and challenging tasks for the realization of carbon capture and storage (CCS) projects. One approach for such an evaluation is the upscaling of data sets achieved by laboratory CO 2 batch experiments to field scale. (Sub)-microscopic, petrophysical, tomographic, and chemical analytical methods were applied to reservoir sandstone samples from the Altmark gas field before and after static autoclave batch experiments at reservoir-specific conditions to study the relevance of injected CO 2 on reservoir quality. These investigations confirmed that the chemical dissolution of pore-filling mineral phases (carbonate, anhydrite), associated with an increased exposure of clay mineral surfaces and the physical detachment and mobilization of such clay fines (illite, chlorite) are most appropriate to modify the quality of storage sites. Thereby the complex interplay of both processes will affect the porosity and permeability in opposite ways-mineral dissolution will enhance the rock porosity (and permeability), but fine migration can deteriorate the permeability. These reactions are realized down to *lm scale and will affect the fluidrock reactivity of the reservoirs, their injectivity and recovery rates during CO 2 storage operations.

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Section: (Clay) Fine Migrationsupporting

confidence: 94%

The chemical dissolution and physical migration of minerals induced during CO2 laboratory experiments: their relevance for reservoir quality

et al. 2015

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“…Ca-montmorillonite has the largest specific surface area followed by the illite/smectite mixed-layer (31.959 m 2 /g) and Na-montmorillonite (25.421 m 2 /g). The BET surface areas for Ca-and Na-montmorillonite measured in this study are credible based on comparison with the BET surface areas (24.7-97 m 2 /g) of montmorillonite previously measured [11,[69][70][71][72][73]. For illite and kaolinite, the BET surface areas (19.738 m 2 /g and 12.271 m 2 /g, respectively) decrease progressively but are larger than that of illite (17.5 m 2 /g) [74] and kaolinite (13.0 m 2 /g) [44].…”

Section: Microscopic Parameters Of Pores In Clay Mineralssupporting

confidence: 73%

Adsorption Properties of Hydrocarbons (n-Decane, Methyl Cyclohexane and Toluene) on Clay Minerals: An Experimental Study

Zhang

et al. 2017

Energies

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Adsorption of hydrocarbons may significantly affect hydrocarbon migration in unconventional reservoirs. Clay minerals form the primary adsorbent surfaces for hydrocarbons adsorbed in mudstone/shale. To study the adsorption properties of hydrocarbons (n-decane (C 10 H 22 ), methyl cyclohexane (C 7 H 14 ) and toluene (C 7 H 8 )) on clay minerals (i.e., cookeite, ripidolite, kaolinite, illite, illite/smectite mixed-layer, Na-montmorillonite and Ca-montmorillonite), hydrocarbon vapor adsorption (HVA) tests were conducted at 298.15 K. The results showed that (i) the adsorption amounts of C 10 H 22 , C 7 H 14 and C 7 H 8 ranged from 0.45-1.03 mg/m 2 , 0.28-0.90 mg/m 2 and 0.16-0.53 mg/m 2 , respectively; (ii) for cookeite, ripidolite and kaolinite, the adsorption capacity of C 10 H 22 was less than C 7 H 14 , which was less than C 7 H 8 ; (iii) for illite, Na-montmorillonite and Ca-montmorillonite, the adsorption capacity of C 10 H 22 was greater than that of C 7 H 8 , and the adsorption capacity of C 7 H 14 was the lowest; (iv) for an illite/smectite mixed-layer, C 7 H 14 had the highest adsorption capacity, followed by C 10 H 22 , and C 7 H 8 had the lowest capacity. Adsorption properties were correlated with the microscopic parameters of pores in clay minerals and with experimental pressure. Finally, the weighted average method was applied to evaluate the adsorption properties of C 10 H 22 , C 7 H 14 and C 7 H 8 on clay minerals in oil-bearing shale from the Shahejie Formation of Dongying Sag in the Bohai Bay Basin, China. For these samples, the adsorbed amounts of C 7 H 14 ranged from 18.03-28.02 mg/g (mean 23.33 mg/g), which is larger than that of C 10 H 22 , which ranges from 15.40-21.72 mg/g (mean 18.82 mg/g). The adsorption capacity of C 7 H 8 was slightly low, ranging from 10.51-14.60 mg/g (mean 12.78 mg/g).

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“…ethylene glycol monomethyl ether) are better able to penetrate the intralayer surface layer of clay particles and may yield surface area measurements up to an order of magnitude higher (e.g. Machta et al, 2011). Finally, because the measurements are performed on dry mudrock powder, this method is not suited to measure the surface area of expandable clays that swell in water.…”

Section: High Stress Permeability Anisotropy Decreasementioning

confidence: 99%

Permeability anisotropy and resistivity anisotropy of mechanically compressed mudrocks

et al. 2016

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Permeability anisotropy (the ratio of the horizontal to vertical permeability) develops in mudrocks at the macroscale due to heterogeneities such as layering and at the element scale (i.e., within a single homogeneous layer or unit) due to decreasing porosity and increasing platy particle alignment. This work describes new experimental methods and results from a laboratory program using cubic specimens to investigate the evolution of mudrock permeability and resistivity at the element scale. A systematic study analyzes the evolution of the permeability anisotropy and electrical resistivity anisotropy using resedimented Boston blue clay (RBBC) over a stress range of 0.4–40 MPa; additional measurements are presented for three other mudrocks within varying clay fraction and clay mineralogy within the stress range 1.2–10 MPa. The permeability anisotropy and the conductivity anisotropy (inverse of the resistivity anisotropy) of all four mudrocks studied ranges from 1 to 2.2 over the porosity range 0.55–0.30. A nearly 1:1 correlation between the electrical conductivity anisotropy and the permeability anisotropy is observed to be independent of clay fraction or clay mineralogy.

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Specific surface area of clay minerals: Comparison between atomic force microscopy measurements and bulk-gas (N2) and -liquid (EGME) adsorption methods

Cited by 219 publications

References 22 publications

The chemical dissolution and physical migration of minerals induced during CO2 laboratory experiments: their relevance for reservoir quality

The chemical dissolution and physical migration of minerals induced during CO2 laboratory experiments: their relevance for reservoir quality

Adsorption Properties of Hydrocarbons (n-Decane, Methyl Cyclohexane and Toluene) on Clay Minerals: An Experimental Study

Permeability anisotropy and resistivity anisotropy of mechanically compressed mudrocks

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