“…Here, we address these connections for the general, nonreciprocal and non-Hermitian case. Aiming at a de-scription that is physical and flexible, we adopt the unifying perspective of transport, which has been instrumental to identify the specific signatures of individual physical effects in Hermitian [46,47] and non-Hermitian settings [44,45,[48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62]. This perspective allows us to analytically formulate the spectral conditions for a range of distinct physical phenomena, such as reflectionless scattering [49,52], transparency [56], coherent perfect absorption [44,45,50], and lasing [50,51,63,64], and contrast these with the quantisation conditions of finite systems with open or periodic boundary conditions.…”