Spectral imaging in the pediatric chest: past, present and future

Rapp, Jordan B.; Biko, David M.; White, Ammie M.; Ramirez‐Suarez, Karen I.; Otero, Hansel J.

doi:10.1007/s00247-022-05404-9

Cited by 7 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…6). This would be particularly advantageous for paediatric imaging, where imaging protocols are usually at a lower dose than in adults [40]. Another important advantage of PCD-CT scanning in paediatric imaging is its much higher spatial resolution as compared to EID-CT [37].…”

Section: Photon-counting Detector Computed Tomography: a Potential Ga...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The PCD-CT scanner at our institution enables acquisition of CT data with the smallest detector pixel setting of 0.2×0.2 mm 2 compared to the EID-CT scanner of 0.6×0.6 mm 2 . This higher resolution is particularly important in younger children, where the sizes of airways and vessels are much smaller than in adults [40]. A recent review highlighted the great potential of PCD-CT to improve detection of lung abnormality thanks to its higher-resolution, lowernoise, low-dose imaging and spectral imaging capabilities (Fig.…”

Section: Photon-counting Detector Computed Tomography: a Potential Ga...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A recent review highlighted the great potential of PCD-CT to improve detection of lung abnormality thanks to its higher-resolution, lowernoise, low-dose imaging and spectral imaging capabilities (Fig. 7) [40]. Finally, PCD-CT can potentially further reduce the dose of chest CT imaging.…”

Section: Photon-counting Detector Computed Tomography: a Potential Ga...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chest radiography and computed tomography imaging in cystic fibrosis: current challenges and new perspectives

et al. 2022

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Imaging plays a pivotal role in the noninvasive assessment of cystic fibrosis (CF)-related lung damage, which remains the main cause of morbidity and mortality in children with CF. The development of new imaging techniques has significantly changed clinical practice, and advances in therapies have posed diagnostic and monitoring challenges. The authors summarise these challenges and offer new perspectives in the use of imaging for children with CF for both clinicians and radiologists. This article focuses on chest radiography and CT, which are the two main radiologic techniques used in most cystic fibrosis centres. Advantages and disadvantages of radiography and CT for imaging in CF are described, with attention to new developments in these techniques, such as the use of artificial intelligence (AI) image analysis strategies to improve the sensitivity of radiography and CT and the introduction of the photon-counting detector CT scanner to increase spatial resolution at no dose expense.

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Section: Photon-counting Detector Computed Tomography: a Potential Ga...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Photon-counting Detector Computed Tomography: a Potential Ga...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chest radiography and computed tomography imaging in cystic fibrosis: current challenges and new perspectives

et al. 2022

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“…Photon-counting detector CT (PCD-CT) can provide energy-resolved CT data at very high spatial resolution, with significantly decreased electronic noise, as well as radiation dose reduction [ 12 , 13 , 14 ]. This new technology can help to overcome the major limitations of conventional CT detectors, such as limited spatial resolution and electronic noise [ 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 ]. Together, the multi-energy data acquisition and the reconstruction of virtual monoenergetic images (VMI) at varying energies allow for the adjustment of the level of energy to provide the optimal combination of signal and image noise [ 16 , 19 , 20 , 21 ] for the diagnosis in question.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This new technology can help to overcome the major limitations of conventional CT detectors, such as limited spatial resolution and electronic noise [ 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 ]. Together, the multi-energy data acquisition and the reconstruction of virtual monoenergetic images (VMI) at varying energies allow for the adjustment of the level of energy to provide the optimal combination of signal and image noise [ 16 , 19 , 20 , 21 ] for the diagnosis in question. Further, VMI allows for the creation of virtual low keV datasets, with which the attenuation of the iodine contrast and signal-to-noise ratio can be optimized for the evaluation of vascular structures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Photon Counting Detector CT Derived Virtual Monoenergetic Images on the Diagnosis of Pulmonary Embolism

et al. 2022

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Purpose: To assess the impact of virtual-monoenergetic-image (VMI) energies on the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism (PE) in photon-counting-detector computed-tomography (PCD-CT). Methods: Eighty patients (median age 60.4 years) with suspected PE were retrospectively included. Scans were performed on PCD-CT in the multi-energy mode at 120 kV. VMIs from 40–70 keV in 10 keV intervals were reconstructed. CT-attenuation was measured in the pulmonary trunk and the main branches of the pulmonary artery. Signal-to-noise (SNR) ratio was calculated. Two radiologists evaluated subjective-image-quality (noise, vessel-attenuation and sharpness; five-point-Likert-scale, non-diagnostic–excellent), the presence of hardening artefacts and presence/visibility of PE. Results: Signal was highest at the lowest evaluated VMI (40 keV; 1053.50 HU); image noise was lowest at the highest VMI (70 keV; 15.60 HU). Highest SNR was achieved at the lowest VMI (p < 0.05). Inter-reader-agreement for subjective analysis was fair to excellent (k = 0.373–1.000; p < 0.001). Scores for vessel-attenuation and sharpness were highest at 40 keV (both:5, range 4/3–5; k = 1.000); scores for image-noise were highest at 70 keV (4, range 3–5). The highest number of hardening artifacts were reported at 40 keV (n = 22; 28%). PE-visualization was rated best at 50 keV (4.7; range 4–5) and decreased with increasing VMI-energy (r = −0.558; p < 0.001). Conclusions: While SNR was best at 40 keV, subjective PE visibility was rated highest at 50 keV, potentially owing to the lower image noise and hardening artefacts.

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Dual-source computed tomography protocols for the pediatric chest — scan optimization techniques

et al. 2022

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The gold standard for pediatric chest imaging remains the CT scan. An ideal pediatric chest CT has the lowest radiation dose with the least motion degradation possible in a diagnostic scan. Because of the known inherent risks and costs of anesthesia, non-sedate options are preferred. Dual-source CTs are currently the fastest, lowest-dose CT scanners available, utilizing an ultra-high-pitch mode resulting in sub-second CTs. The dual-energy technique, available on dual-source CT scanners, gathers additional information such as pulmonary blood volume and includes relative contrast enhancement and metallic artifact reduction, features that are not available in high-pitch flash mode. In this article we discuss the benefits and tradeoffs of dual-source CT scan modes and tips on image optimization.

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Spectral imaging in the pediatric chest: past, present and future

Cited by 7 publications

References 42 publications

Chest radiography and computed tomography imaging in cystic fibrosis: current challenges and new perspectives

Chest radiography and computed tomography imaging in cystic fibrosis: current challenges and new perspectives

Impact of Photon Counting Detector CT Derived Virtual Monoenergetic Images on the Diagnosis of Pulmonary Embolism

Dual-source computed tomography protocols for the pediatric chest — scan optimization techniques

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