Spectral manifestation of the vibronic shift and occurrence of the C60− anion in stable single crystals of (Ph4P)2C60Y, YCl, Br or I, and (Ph4As)2C60Cl

Semkin, V. N.; Spitsina, N. G.; Król, Sylwia; Graja, A.

doi:10.1016/0009-2614(96)00491-5

Cited by 65 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Weak peaks at about 1394 cm -1 marked by an arrow can be seen and are assigned to the C 60 anion. 31,32 Moreover, it is clearly observed that the intensity of the peak at 1394 cm -1 increases gradually with 1). Samples were encapsulated in a nitrogen atmosphere before measurements.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 84%

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Leuco Crystal Violet as a Dopant for n-Doping of Organic Thin Films of Fullerene C₆₀

et al. 2004

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The triphenylmethane dye crystal violet (CV) and its leuco base, leucocrystal violet (LCV), are investigated as dopants for n-type doping of fullerene C 60 . Conductivities up to 8 × 10 -3 S/cm at 30°C are achieved when C 60 is doped with CV. Mass spectroscopy and optical spectroscopy (UV/VIS/NIR absorption and Fourier transform infrared transmission) confirm that the leuco base LCV is formed during sublimation of the cationic CV dye. When the commercially available LCV was directly used as a dopant in C 60 , a maximum conductivity of 1.3 × 10 -2 S/cm was obtained at 30°C. We found that in both cases, the leuco base became reoxidized to the cationic form by electron transfer to electron-accepting matrixes, leading to the doping effect. The donor properties of LCV in a charge-transfer complex with 7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane (TCNQ) were confirmed by UV/VIS/NIR absorption and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. C 60 anions were observed in the FTIR or NIR absorption spectra of the mixed films of C 60 and LCV. Photoinduced charge transfer between LCV and C 60 provides free electrons, which increase the n-type conductivity. The electron transfer becomes irreversible by hydride abstraction.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…Its frequency shifts from 1429 cm -1 for C 60 (0) to 1390-1394 cm -1 for C 60 (-1). 32 Accordingly, we can conclude that C 60 obtains one electron from LCV in the mixed thin film to form C 60 -. Besides the peak at 1394 cm -1 , we also can find that peaks at 1539 and 1734 cm -1 appear little by little with increasing the concentration of C 60 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Leuco Crystal Violet as a Dopant for n-Doping of Organic Thin Films of Fullerene C₆₀

et al. 2004

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“…36 In addition to the structural studies, other experimental methods have been employed to clarify the properties of the C 60 monoanion in the ͑Ph 4 X͒ 2 YC 60 set of materials. 33,[40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58] Of particular relevance for this paper is a previous vibrational study of ͑Ph 4 P͒ 2 IC 60 which found splitting of the T 1u C 60 modes and activation of silent vibrations, consistent with a D 5d or D 3d JT distortion of the cage. 55 Although a JT distortion of C 60 − was successfully confirmed, the accuracy of the symmetry identification was limited because a strong counterion vibration obscures the region of the fundamental T 1u ͑1͒ vibration and because no comparison was made to a calculated spectrum.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 74%

Jahn-Teller distortion ofC60−in(Ph4As)2
Long
¹
,
Schundler
²
,
Adams
³

et al. 2007
Phys. Rev. B
9
1
20
0
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We report a combined experimental and theoretical study of the on-ball vibrations of the singly charged C 60 anion. The experimental material is ͑Ph 4 As͒ 2 ClC 60 , a prototypical system for studying isolated C 60 − , which we have investigated by high-resolution infrared spectroscopy in the range 50-1500 cm −1 between 6 and 300 K. Our first-principles quantum molecular dynamics calculations provide complementary information on the vibrational spectra as well as simulated structural information about the reduced-symmetry cage. Our combined results indicate either C 2h or C i symmetry for the Jahn-Teller distorted cage. In both cases, the cage is prolate and elongated along an axis that penetrates opposing five-membered rings. Bond-length changes are less than 0.013 Å. Observed temperature-dependent frequency shifts of the C 60 − vibrations are insufficient to identify any ordering transition, although low-temperature softening of a T 1u ͑4͒-derived mode is substantial.

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“…The absorption bands of C 60 appeared at 524, 575, 1184, and 1391 cm −1 . Because the position of the F 1 u (4) C 60 mode at 1391 cm −1 is characteristic of radical anion salts of C 60 (1388–1396 cm −1 ), we concluded that C 60 .− radical anions were present in salt 1 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 82%

Synthesis, Structure, and Properties of the Fullerene C₆₀ Salt of Crystal Violet, (CV⁺)(C₆₀^.−)⋅0.5 C₆H₄Cl₂, which Contained Closely Packed Zigzagged C₆₀^.− Chains

Konarev

Kuzmin

Khasanov

et al. 2016

Chemistry An Asian Journal

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The reduction of fullerene C60 by zinc dust in the presence of crystal violet cations (CV(+) ) yielded a deep-blue solution, from which crystals of (CV(+) )(C60 (.-) )⋅0.5 C6 H4 Cl2 (1) were obtained by slow mixing with n-hexane. The salt contained isolated, closely packed zigzagged chains that were composed of C60 (.-) radical anions with a uniform interfullerene center-to-center distance of 9.98 Å. In spite of the close proximity of the fullerenes, they did not dimerize, owing to spatial separation by the phenyl substituents of CV(+) . The room-temperature conductivity of compound 1 was 3×10(-2) S cm(-1) along the fullerene chains. The salt exhibited semiconducting behavior, with an activation energy of Ea =167 meV. Spins localized on C60 (.-) were antiferromagnetically coupled within the fullerene chains, with a Weiss temperature of -19 K without long-range magnetic ordering down to 1.9 K.

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Spectral manifestation of the vibronic shift and occurrence of the C60− anion in stable single crystals of (Ph4P)2C60Y, YCl, Br or I, and (Ph4As)2C60Cl

Cited by 65 publications

References 25 publications

Leuco Crystal Violet as a Dopant for n-Doping of Organic Thin Films of Fullerene C₆₀

Leuco Crystal Violet as a Dopant for n-Doping of Organic Thin Films of Fullerene C₆₀

Jahn-Teller distortion ofC60−in(Ph4As)2
Long
¹
,
Schundler
²
,
Adams
³

et al. 2007
Phys. Rev. B
9
1
20
0
View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Synthesis, Structure, and Properties of the Fullerene C₆₀ Salt of Crystal Violet, (CV⁺)(C₆₀^.−)⋅0.5 C₆H₄Cl₂, which Contained Closely Packed Zigzagged C₆₀^.− Chains

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Spectral manifestation of the vibronic shift and occurrence of the C60− anion in stable single crystals of (Ph4P)2C60Y, YCl, Br or I, and (Ph4As)2C60Cl

Cited by 65 publications

References 25 publications

Leuco Crystal Violet as a Dopant for n-Doping of Organic Thin Films of Fullerene C60

Leuco Crystal Violet as a Dopant for n-Doping of Organic Thin Films of Fullerene C60

Jahn-Teller distortion ofC60−in(Ph4As)2Long1, Schundler2, Adams3 et al. 2007Phys. Rev. B91200View full textAdd to dashboardCite

Synthesis, Structure, and Properties of the Fullerene C60 Salt of Crystal Violet, (CV+)(C60.−)⋅0.5 C6H4Cl2, which Contained Closely Packed Zigzagged C60.− Chains

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Leuco Crystal Violet as a Dopant for n-Doping of Organic Thin Films of Fullerene C₆₀

Leuco Crystal Violet as a Dopant for n-Doping of Organic Thin Films of Fullerene C₆₀

Jahn-Teller distortion ofC60−in(Ph4As)2
Long
¹
,
Schundler
²
,
Adams
³

et al. 2007
Phys. Rev. B
9
1
20
0
View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Synthesis, Structure, and Properties of the Fullerene C₆₀ Salt of Crystal Violet, (CV⁺)(C₆₀^.−)⋅0.5 C₆H₄Cl₂, which Contained Closely Packed Zigzagged C₆₀^.− Chains