Spectrophotometric determination of epinephrine and norepinephrine with sodium periodate

El-Kommos, Michael E.; Mohamed, Fardous A.; Khedr, Alaa

doi:10.1016/0039-9140(90)80206-u

Cited by 30 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…At regular intervals, a 60 mcl sample from the receiving chamber was removed to evaluate the amount of the released drug and 60 mcl of ddH 2 O was added immediately to the wells to restore receiving chamber volume. The concentration of epinephrine in each sample was determined by spectrophotometric methods [19]. Metaperiodate (6 mcl of 2% NaIO 4 in ddH 2 O, #S1878, Sigma-Aldrich) and ethanol (9 mcl, 100%) were added to the samples and the absorbance at 490 nm was measured to calculate the amount of released epinephrine at each time point using a standard curve (Fig.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

High concentrations of drug in target tissues following local controlled release are utilized for both drug distribution and biologic effect: An example with epicardial inotropic drug delivery

Maslov

Edelman

Wei

et al. 2013

Journal of Controlled Release

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Local drug delivery preferentially loads target tissues with a concentration gradient from the surface or point of release that tapers down to more distant sites. Drug that diffuses down this gradient must be in unbound form, but such drug can only elicit a biologic effect through receptor interactions. Drug excess loads tissues, increasing gradients and driving penetration, but with limited added biological response. We examined the hypothesis that local application reduces dramatically systemic circulating drug levels but leads to significantly higher tissue drug concentration than might be needed with systemic infusion in a rat model of local epicardial inotropic therapy. Epinephrine was infused systemically or released locally to the anterior wall of the heart using a novel polymeric platform that provides steady, sustained release over a range of precise doses. Epinephrine tissue concentration, upregulation of cAMP, and global left ventricular response were measured at equivalent doses and at doses equally effective in raising indices of contractility. The contractile stimulation by epinephrine was linked to drug tissue levels and commensurate cAMP upregulation for IV systemic infusion, but not with local epicardial delivery. Though cAMP was a powerful predictor of contractility with local application, tissue epinephrine levels were high and variable - only a small fraction of the deposited epinephrine was utilized in second messenger signaling and biologic effect. The remainder of deposited drug was likely used in diffusive transport and distribution. Systemic side effects were far more profound with IV infusion which, though it increased contractility, also induced tachycardia and loss of systemic vascular resistance, which were not seen with local application. Local epicardial inotropic delivery illustrates then a paradigm of how target tissues differentially handle and utilize drug compared to systemic infusion.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

High concentrations of drug in target tissues following local controlled release are utilized for both drug distribution and biologic effect: An example with epicardial inotropic drug delivery

Maslov

Edelman

Wei

et al. 2013

Journal of Controlled Release

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“…Periodate oxidation of epinephrine, norepinephrine and their bitartate salts produces colored products in aqueous/alcoholic media that can be measured spectrophotometrically at 490 nm [70].…”

Section: Periodate Oxidation Of Phenolic Compounds Based Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Periodate oxidation and its contribution to instrumental methods of micro-analysis—A review

Vlessidis

Evmiridis

2009

Analytica Chimica Acta

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“…[22] To study the recovery of the isoproterenol from pharmaceutical formulations, two commercial samples of pharmaceutical formulations were used. None of these substances caused interference on the proposed method at the 1 : 1 concentration ratio, except sodium metabisulfite, which caused a decrease in the peak height on the isoproterenol determination.…”

Section: Spectrophotometric Determination Of Isoproterenol 2119mentioning

confidence: 99%

Flow Injection Spectrophotometric Determination of Isoproterenol with an On‐Line Solid‐Phase Reactor Containing Immobilized Manganese Dioxide

2004

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This work reports the application of a simple, sensitive, and rapid flow injection system for the spectrophotometric determination of isoproterenol by using a solid-phase reactor containing MnO 2 (s) immobilized in a polyester resin. The method is based on the oxidation of isoproterenol to produce isoproterochrome, which was monitored at 492 nm. The analytical curve was linear in the isoproterenol concentration range from 1.0 Â 10 25 -2.0 Â 10 24 mol L 21 , with a detection limit of 1.7 Â 10 26 mol L 21 . The relative standard deviation (RSD) was 0.9%,

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Spectrophotometric determination of epinephrine and norepinephrine with sodium periodate

Cited by 30 publications

References 9 publications

High concentrations of drug in target tissues following local controlled release are utilized for both drug distribution and biologic effect: An example with epicardial inotropic drug delivery

High concentrations of drug in target tissues following local controlled release are utilized for both drug distribution and biologic effect: An example with epicardial inotropic drug delivery

Periodate oxidation and its contribution to instrumental methods of micro-analysis—A review

Flow Injection Spectrophotometric Determination of Isoproterenol with an On‐Line Solid‐Phase Reactor Containing Immobilized Manganese Dioxide

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