“…The method, coined scatterometry, is remarkably sensitive, even when the structure features are much smaller than the wavelength of the light, often with precisions in the subnanometer regime [1]. For that reason, the semiconductor industry has embraced scatterometry as a method for monitoring and controlling process [2,3]. Scatterometry, however, requires significant a priori knowledge of the periodic structure, usually a grating, and is subject, like any measurement technique, to numerous sources of error.…”