Spectrum Awareness for Cognitive Radios Supported by Radio Environment Maps: Zonal Approach

Kaniewski, Paweł; Romanik, Janusz; Golan, Edward; Zubel, Krzysztof

doi:10.3390/app11072910

Cited by 14 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…The proposed solution gives considerable accuracy in estimating the average mutual information with reduced complexity, which may facilitate the practical application of mutual information. In [29], empirical results of a REM design using interpolating methods are presented. The presented experimentally measured data and their interpretation are important in the context of RF source localization.…”

Section: The Present Issuementioning

confidence: 99%

Wireless Communication: Applications Security and Reliability—Present and Future

Kubiak

2024

Applied Sciences

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Information security is of great importance nowadays. This is related to the widespread use of new technologies in the development of long-distance communications and the use of increasingly “faster” signals. Information security can be considered in many areas of information processing, including wireless systems and wired systems that are based on electronic devices. Each of such devices is a source of electromagnetic disturbances but may also be sensitive to such disturbances. This Special Issue titled “Wireless Communication: Applications, Security, and Reliability” covers a broad spectrum of information security related to cybersecurity, cryptography, and electromagnetic protection. In each case, the information protection solutions used must keep up with the development of technologies used in information processing. The broad thematic area of this Special Issue was intended to encourage scientists and researchers to present their research results and the goals that this research was intended to serve. At the same time, it could allow for the exchange of knowledge and experience gained during the work on information security.

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Section: The Present Issuementioning

confidence: 99%

Wireless Communication: Applications Security and Reliability—Present and Future

Kubiak

2024

Applied Sciences

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“…The REM introduces environmental awareness that is more difficult to achieve by the individual capabilities of individual network nodes. Therefore, the REM enables network nodes to be transformed into smart ones [22,23]. REM facilitates the adaptation of the radio network to a new environment.…”

Section: Radio Environment Mapsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Propagation Attenuation Maps Based on Parabolic Equation Method

Kryk¹,

Malon²,

Kelner³

2022

Sensors

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Modern wireless communication systems use various technological solutions to increase the efficiency of created radio networks. This efficiency also applies to radio resources. Currently, the utilization of a radio environment map (REM) is one of the directions allowing to improve radio resource management. The REM is increasingly used in emerging mobile ad-hoc networks (MANETs), in particular military tactical networks. In this case, the use of new technologies such as software-defined radio and network, cognitive radio, radio sensing, and building electromagnetic situational awareness made it possible to implement REM in tactical MANETs. Propagation attenuation maps (PAMs) are crucial REM elements that allow for determining the ranges of radio network nodes. In this paper, we present a novel algorithm for PAM based on a parabolic equation method (PEM). The PEM allows determining the signal attenuation along the assumed propagation direction. In this case, we consider terrain topography to obtain a more realistic analysis. Then, we average the adjacent attenuation profiles defined for the selected directions in places where attenuation has not been calculated. To this aim, linear regression is applied. Finally, we define several metrics that allow for the accuracy assessment of determining the PAM as a function of its dimensions.

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“…This activity often has a local character, and therefore the principle of Radio Environment Mapping (REM) aims to provide electromagnetic situational awareness for CR networks. The methods for creating maps based on spatial statistics with various sensor counts are discussed in [41].…”

Section: Radio Environment Awareness For Dynamic Spectrum Accessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hardware-Accelerated Real-Time Spectrum Analyzer With a Broadband Fast Sweep Feature Based on the Cost-Effective SDR Platform

Flak

2022

IEEE Access

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Radio Frequency (RF) spectrum monitoring and broadband signal analysis have multiple application areas, especially in the era of a constantly growing number of wireless devices. One of the essential challenges for a spectrum sensor is to achieve an adequate measurement rate over a wide bandwidth to detect signals of short duration so that a low latency response can be provided. In procedures that require field measurements, and some compromise in accuracy is acceptable, low-cost Software Defined Radio (SDR) devices can be used instead of expensive and bulky professional spectrum analyzers. This paper introduces a real-time swept spectrum sensor based on LimeSDR-USB with custom embedded Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) firmware, designed to outperform similar software implementations. The Welch's spectral density estimation is implemented in hardware to minimise the USB transfer rate and offload the host PC signal processing. Furthermore, the frequency tuning state machine and cache calibration memory are also managed by the FPGA to reduce the blind time during broadband sweep. The performance of the proposed solution indicates up to 96 MHz of real-time bandwidth along with a capability of less than millisecond cumulative sweep time per gigahertz. The characteristics of various design elements are investigated and refined during simulation and laboratory measurements, whereas the final prototype implementation is verified in real-world scenarios. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed device as a sensor for propagation studies, multiband spectrum utilisation monitoring, and spectral white spaces detection.INDEX TERMS Electromagnetic analysis, field programmable gate array, radio frequency, software defined radio, surveillance.

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Spectrum Awareness for Cognitive Radios Supported by Radio Environment Maps: Zonal Approach

Cited by 14 publications

References 41 publications

Wireless Communication: Applications Security and Reliability—Present and Future

Wireless Communication: Applications Security and Reliability—Present and Future

Propagation Attenuation Maps Based on Parabolic Equation Method

Hardware-Accelerated Real-Time Spectrum Analyzer With a Broadband Fast Sweep Feature Based on the Cost-Effective SDR Platform

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