Spectrum of Bacterial Keratitis at a Tertiary Eye Care Centre in India

Abstract

Aim. To report the aetiological spectrum and susceptibility patterns of bacteria isolated from patients with corneal ulceration. Method. The microbiological data of all patients with suspected infectious corneal ulceration who presented to the ocular microbiology service at this centre between 2005 and 2012 were reviewed retrospectively. Result. Microorganisms were recovered from 1665 (77%) of the 2170 ulcers. Bacterial isolates accounted for 1205 of the organisms isolated. The most common bacterial pathogens isolated were various species of Staphylococcus, representing 777 (64.5%), followed by Staphylococcus spp. (148; 12.3%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (117; 9.7%). High percentages of Gram-positive bacteria were susceptible to gatifloxacin (>94%), followed by ofloxacin and moxifloxacin. Almost 90% of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates were susceptible to ciprofloxacin and moxifloxacin. Sixty-two (44%) of 140 isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae, 79 (14.8%) of 534 isolates of Staphylococcus epidermidis, and 33 (14%) of 234 isolates of Staphylococcus aureus were resistant to three or more antibiotics. Conclusion. Staphylococcus spp. were the most common bacterial pathogens isolated from patients with keratitis in this setting. High percentages of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria were susceptible to gatifloxacin and moxifloxacin, respectively. Interestingly, a high percentage of Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates were found to be resistant to three or more antibiotics.

Clinico-Epidemological Profile of Corneal Ulcer Cases from Rural Hospital of Haryana, India

“…Staphylococcus aureus (68.75%) was the predominant isolate among the Gram positive bacterial. This observation is comparable to studies by Kaliamurthy et al, (2013) The present study revealed Pseudomonas aeruginosa (54.54%) as the most isolated organism among the Gram negative bacterial causes which is in accordance with that reported by Sirikul et al, (2008) and Keshav et al, (2008).…”

External ocular bacterial infections among Sudanese children at Khartoum State, Sudan

“…In contrast, other studies reported P. aeruginosa as the major isolate Tesfaye et al, 2013). Another study concluded that S. aureus are the most common bacterial pathogens isolated in keratitis (Kaliamurthy et al, 2013). This may be due to inter-population variations and environmental dissimilarities in different countries (Janumala et al, 2012).…”

“…Bacterial keratitis is another entity of ocular infections that might follow corneal epithelial barrier disruption due to injury or trauma with subsequent ulceration and infiltration of inflammatory cells (Kaliamurthy et al, 2013 (Rahimi et al, 2015).…”

Pattern recognition receptors in microbial keratitis

“…86 Staphylococcus aureus Although studies consistently report Staphylococcus spp. as some of the commonest causes of bacterial keratitis, [90][91][92] contact with the organisms infrequently results in infection. A study by Moreau et al, 93 in which S. aureus was topically applied to scarified rabbit eyes resulted in bacterial killing and identified a role for phospholipase A2 in the tear film as Figure 2 Immune recognition of Pseudomonas aeruginosa molecular patterns.…”