Spectrum of Retinal Vascular Diseases Associated With Paracentral Acute Middle Maculopathy

Chen, Xuejing; Rahimy, Ehsan; Sergott, Robert C.; Nunes, Renata Portella; Souza, Eduardo Cunha de; Choudhry, Netan; Cutler, Nathan E.; Houston, Samuel K.; Munk, Marion R.; Fawzi, Amani A.; Mehta, Sonia; Hubschman, Jean‐Pierre; Ho, Allen C.; Sarraf, David

doi:10.1016/j.ajo.2015.04.004

Cited by 216 publications

(187 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The serial organization of retinal layers provides a straightforward explanation for the localization of perivenular whitening in the DVP. [29][30][31] Indeed, there is angiographic evidence that the latter presentation is linked to panretinal hypoperfusion, 32 that is, severely impaired arterial inflow leading to a premature oxygen desaturation in precapillary arterioles. Our model suggested that perivenular whitening is initiated and/or more severe at the origin of draining venules (i.e., in the center of watersheds).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For the same reasons, this model also may explain why the NFL is relatively protected against global, subacute ischemia, such as that seen during carotid artery occlusion. 29 This model also may be able to predict the consequences of a focal microvascular obstruction, such as embolic occlusion of a precapillary arteriole in the SVP. This will lead to ischemia of the neurons that are tributaries of the SVP; that is, the inner …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The 3D Retinal Capillary Circulation in Pigs Reveals a Predominant Serial Organization

Fouquet

Vacca

Sennlaub

et al. 2017

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

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PURPOSE. To establish a model of the retinal capillary circulation in pigs, which in many aspects is close to the human retina.METHODS. Using high density confocal microscopy image stacks of immunolabeled porcine retinal whole mounts, microvessels close to the optic nerve head were traced in three dimensions. The direction of flow of individual capillaries was deduced from their arteriolar and/or venous connections.RESULTS. From major arteries, second-order arteries traversed the nerve fiber layer and resolved exclusively into the superficial vascular plexus (SVP), which dichotomized the blood flow between radial peripapillary capillaries (RPCs) on one side and the intermediate (IVP) and deep vascular plexus (DVP) on the other. Each RPC was supplied by one or several capillaries from the SVP and drained to the IVP or DVP. The DVP was a mosaic of approximately 300 to 600 lm wide anastomotic watersheds, each drained by one or two venules connected to major veins. A presumptive direction of flow could be determined for >90% of capillaries. These results suggest a model of the capillary circulation in which the three microvessel layers are serially organized with RPCs are in parallel between the SVP and IVP or DVP.CONCLUSIONS. In the peripapillary retina of pigs, microvascular layers have a serial arrangement, with RPCs emerging from the SVP and draining to the IVP or DVP; hence, connected in parallel of this scheme. The bulk of flow, therefore, traverses the SVP and DVP successively. This organization contributes to the higher oxygen saturation in the SVP and RPCs than in the DVP. Physiopathologic implications of this model regarding retinal diseases are discussed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The 3D Retinal Capillary Circulation in Pigs Reveals a Predominant Serial Organization

Fouquet

Vacca

Sennlaub

et al. 2017

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

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“…1,2 While the initial description detailed lesions occurring in isolation, subsequent reports have observed this finding in conjunction with other retinovascular conditions, including branch (BRAO) and central (CRAO) retinal arterial occlusion, central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO), diabetic retinopathy, sickle cell retinopathy, and Purtscher's retinopathy. 3,4,5 Most recently, Christenbury et al described the first case of paracentral acute middle maculopathy imaged with OCT angiography, demonstrating attenuation of the deep capillary plexus in the area of involvement. 6 Taken together, these observations further support a vaso-occlusive origin for these lesions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography and En Face Optical Coherence Tomography Features of Paracentral Acute Middle Maculopathy

Sridhar

Shahlaee

Rahimy

et al. 2015

American Journal of Ophthalmology

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110

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“…3 This finding has been reported to be either idiopathic occurring as an isolated event in otherwise healthy subjects 2 or secondary to a large spectrum of retinal vascular disorders and systemic conditions including central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO). 4,5 In this report, we describe the clinical course and imaging findings that include the use of OCT angiography (OCTA; AngioVue OCT angiography system, Optovue, Inc.) of three patients with PAMM secondary to CRVO.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical coherence tomography angiography in paracentral acute middle maculopathy secondary to central retinal vein occlusion

Casalino

Williams

McAvoy

et al. 2016

Eye

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Purpose To report the clinical course and the optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) findings of patients presenting with paracentral acute middle maculopathy (PAMM) and central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO). Methods Retrospective case series. Clincal records and multimodal imaging findings of patients presenting with PAMM and CRVO were reviewed. Results Three eyes of three patients (2 males; mean age: 66 years) were included in the study. Mean follow-up was 9 months and images using OCTA (AngioVue OCT angiography system, Optovue, Inc., Fremont, CA, USA) were available at the last follow-up visit. During follow-up, best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) of case 1 was unchanged at 85 ETDRS letters and OCTA revealed a mild attenuation of the perifoveal deep capillary plexus (DCP); in case 2, BCVA changed from 83 to 77 ETDRS letters and OCTA revealed patchy areas of attenuation and pruning of the DCP; in case 3, BCVA decreased from 26 to 8 ETDRS letters and OCTA revealed extensive areas of DCP dropout. Conclusion The natural course of visual acuity in patients with PAMM secondary to CRVO may vary. In these patients, the extent of DCP dropout on OCTA may reflect the extent of visual acuity impairment.

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Spectrum of Retinal Vascular Diseases Associated With Paracentral Acute Middle Maculopathy

Cited by 216 publications

References 23 publications

The 3D Retinal Capillary Circulation in Pigs Reveals a Predominant Serial Organization

The 3D Retinal Capillary Circulation in Pigs Reveals a Predominant Serial Organization

Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography and En Face Optical Coherence Tomography Features of Paracentral Acute Middle Maculopathy

Optical coherence tomography angiography in paracentral acute middle maculopathy secondary to central retinal vein occlusion

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