“…Besides, dynamic contact of the driving tip and the slider, especially for standing-wave motors, is intermittent and impacting [9,10], resulting in severe wear and material loss over traveling wave motors [11]. In addition, special requirements 2 of 16 for the drive signals of different vibrators are necessary for sufficient impedance matching [12], and have not yet been standardized; this problem would be enhanced by the dynamic contact process, with a consequence of the erratic output performance of ultrasonic motor induced by the variable friction force. Last but not least, ultrasonic motors make a concession to the service life of the contact interface, thereafter the output mechanical power is small and their working efficiency needs improve further.…”