Spending Money on Others Promotes Happiness

Dunn, Elizabeth W.; Aknin, Lara B.; Norton, Michael I.

doi:10.1126/science.1150952

Cited by 1,348 publications

(1,064 citation statements)

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“…Consistent with our previous research (Dunn et al, 2008) and the work of others (e.g., Anderson et al, 2012), we created a composite measure of wellbeing by averaging participants' standardized scores on all positive scales: positive affect, current happiness, and life satisfaction, which were all positively correlated (r's from .20 -.59; composite α = .86). 1…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 89%

Does social connection turn good deeds into good feelings? On the value of putting the 'social' in prosocial spending

Aknin

Dunn

Sandstrom

et al. 2013

IJHD

Self Cite

101

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When are the emotional benefits of generous behavior most likely to emerge? In three studies, we demonstrate that the hedonic benefits of generous spending are most likely when spending promotes positive social connection. Study 1 shows that people feel happier after giving more to charity, but only when they give to someone connected with the cause. Studies 2 and 3 show that the emotional rewards associated with giving to friends or acquaintances are greatest in situations that facilitate social connection. Thus, social connection may be important for turning good deeds into good feelings, and maximizing connectedness between givers and recipients may enhance the emotional payoff of charitable initiatives.KEYWORDS: Happiness; money; prosocial spending; social connection; well-being; donations; charitable giving; warm glow; social relationships; gift giving.Putting the "Social" in Prosocial Spending 3 Does Social Connection Turn Good Deeds into Good Feelings?: On the Value of Putting the "Social" in Prosocial SpendingCause-related marketing has become increasingly ubiquitous, as one corporation after another links purchases of its products to charitable donations. Companies want to be associated with positive acts and the warm glow of giving (Andreoni, 1989; 1990) and such efforts can pay: socially responsible corporate initiatives can influence consumer choice and increase sales (Barone, et al., 2000; Lev, et al., 2010). Several notable cases suggest a role for a simple factor that influences that payoff: connectedness between the giver and the recipient. With the Pepsi Refresh Project, for example, PepsiCo allowed consumers to propose and vote for projects in their communities (such as cleaning up local rivers); PepsiCo then funded those projects, linking Pepsi to causes close to consumers' homes -and hearts. While previous research has focused on how emotion affects consumers' propensity to donate to charity or buy cause-related products (Kogut and Ritov, 2005; Small and Loewenstein, 2003; Small and Simonsohn, 2008; Strahilevitz and Myers, 1998), we explore the impact of connection not on the initial decision to give but on the subsequent emotional experience of the giver. Reaping the largest returns from prosocial acts requires an understanding of when and why charitable behavior has the biggest influence: what kind of giving most alters individuals' affective responses and subsequent behavior?The Emotional Impact of Giving

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 89%

Does social connection turn good deeds into good feelings? On the value of putting the 'social' in prosocial spending

Aknin

Dunn

Sandstrom

et al. 2013

IJHD

Self Cite

101

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“…Kegiatan filantropi selain untuk menyenangkan diri sendiri dengan memberi (Anik et al, 2009;Dunn, 2008), juga untuk meningkatkan utilitas diri dengan menghemat pajak (Kosnitzky, 2016;Bakija dan Heim, 2011). Dengan filantropi, mereka berupaya membahagiakan diri sendiri dengan cara ber-bagi.…”

Section: Kepatuhan Pajak Dalam Skema Neo Ashabiyahunclassified

“…Jika aktivitas filantropi disepakati sebagai aktivitas yang berdampak membahagiakan individu (Dunn, et al, 2008) sementara membayar pajak meningkatkan emosi negatif (Coricelli et al, 2010;Yokum dan Rossi, 2009). Kewajiban pajak menjadi beban yang mempengaruhi aktivitas tingkat emosi dan saraf.…”

Section: Kepatuhan Pajak Dalam Skema Neo Ashabiyahunclassified

Kepatuhan Pajak Dalam Perspektif Neo Ashabiyah

Fidiana

2017

EKUITAS

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ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perilaku kepatuhan pajak berdasarkan perspektif "neo ashabiyah". Konsep ashabiyah bermula dari pemahaman kekuatan emosional karena ikatan darah, kesukuan, solidaritas etnis atau kohesi sosial. Neo ashabiyah dikembangkan dengan melihat fakta bahwa ketidakpatuhan pajak yang mewabah di seluruh dunia. Dengan konsep neo ashabiyah, tulisan ini ingin menjelaskan bahwa upaya menolak pajak salah satunya disebabkan oleh adanya kesatuan kesadaran lintas etnis, lintas agama, lintas kultural, bahkan lintas negara yang secara naluri menolak pajak. Padunya kesadaran ini terpilin dalam sebuah kesadaran kolektif secara global yang ditandai bahwa tidak ada satu negarapun yang terbebas dari masalah kepatuhan pajak. Kesadaran menolak pajak tersebut terkoneksi dan terkomunikasi di ruang kesadaran non-rasional (perspektif modern menyebutnya sebagai ruang bawah sadar) yang menembus batas-batas budaya, etnis, dan negara. Ini berarti bahwa kepatuhan pajak secara sukarela tidak akan pernah tercapai dengan cara apapun karena kesadaran tersebut bermukim di ranah kesadaran irasional. Kepatuhan pajak, kalaupun dapat dicapai adalah kepatuhan yang terpaksa dan bukan kepatuhan sukarela.Kata kunci: Ashabiyah, kesadaran kolektif, kepatuhan pajak

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“…Shared positive feelings may foster prosocial behaviors by activating neural systems (i.e., ventral striatum, anterior cingulate cortex, medial orbitofrontal cortex, thalamus, amygdala, and anterior insula) that support reward processing (Berridge & Kringelbach, 2015; Haber & Knutson, 2010). Prosocial behaviors including altruistic giving (e.g., spending money on others and giving to charities), empathic validation, emotional support, and cooperation activate reward network hubs such as the ventral striatum, among others (Declerck, Boone, & Emonds, 2013; Dunn, Aknin, & Norton, 2008; Harbaugh, Mayr, & Burghart, 2007; Inagaki & Eisenberger, 2012; Izuma, Saito, & Sadato, 2010; Morelli, Torre, & Eisenberger, 2014), that support reward processing as well as emotion and empathy more broadly (Cloutier, Heatherton, Whalen, & Kelley, 2008; Decety & Jackson, 2004; Mobbs et al., 2009; Morelli, Sacchet, & Zaki, 2015; Sescousse, Caldu, Segura, & Dreher, 2013). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prosocial deficits in behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia relate to reward network atrophy

et al. 2017

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IntroductionEmpathy and shared feelings of reward motivate individuals to share resources with others when material gain is not at stake. Behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD) is a neurodegenerative disease that affects emotion‐ and reward‐relevant neural systems. Although there is diminished empathy and altered reward processing in bvFTD, how the disease impacts prosocial behavior is less well understood.MethodsA total of 74 participants (20 bvFTD, 15 Alzheimer's disease [AD], and 39 healthy controls) participated in this study. Inspired by token‐based paradigms from animal studies, we developed a novel task to measure prosocial giving (the “Giving Game”). On each trial of the Giving Game, participants decided how much money to offer to the experimenter, and prosocial giving was the total amount that participants gave to the experimenter when it cost them nothing to give. Voxel‐based morphometry was then used to identify brain regions that were associated with prosocial giving.ResultsProsocial giving was lower in bvFTD than in healthy controls; prosocial giving in AD did not differ significantly from either of the other groups. Whereas lower prosocial giving was associated with atrophy in the right pulvinar nucleus of the thalamus, greater prosocial giving was associated with atrophy in the left ventral striatum.ConclusionThese findings suggest that simple acts of generosity deteriorate in bvFTD due to lateralized atrophy in reward‐relevant neural systems that promote shared feelings of positive affect.

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Spending Money on Others Promotes Happiness

Cited by 1,348 publications

References 10 publications

Does social connection turn good deeds into good feelings? On the value of putting the 'social' in prosocial spending

Does social connection turn good deeds into good feelings? On the value of putting the 'social' in prosocial spending

Kepatuhan Pajak Dalam Perspektif Neo Ashabiyah

Prosocial deficits in behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia relate to reward network atrophy

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