2022
DOI: 10.1530/rep-21-0487
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SPERM FACTORS AND EGG ACTIVATION: ICSI and the discovery of the sperm factor and PLCZ1

Abstract: The discovery of PLCζ1 nearly twenty years ago as the primary Ca2+ oscillation inducing factor in the sperm of mammals represented a significant breakthrough in our quest to elucidate the molecules and pathways that promote egg activation during fertilization. The advent of the Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection technique, which made fertilization possible without sperm capacitation, acrosome reaction, and gamete fusion, strengthened the research that led to the discovery of PLCζ1 and became an essential clinica… Show more

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Cited by 4 publications
(2 citation statements)
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“…Bull sperm injected into bovine oocytes are unable to consistently evoke Ca 2+ oscillations for oocyte activation [ 106 ] and undergo nuclear decondensation and pronuclei formation [ 156 ]. The failure of consistent oocyte activation may be explained by the high rigidity of the perinuclear theca observed in bovine sperm, which interferes with the solubilization of the perinuclear theca contents [ 110 , 159 , 160 ] and, by implication, the release of PLCZ1 into the ooplasm. Bull sperm has only protamine 1, and the nuclear chromatin is very stable with the maximum number of disulfide cross links [ 161 ], resulting in high nuclear stability when compared to human and mouse sperm [ 162 ].…”
Section: Bovine Plcz1mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Bull sperm injected into bovine oocytes are unable to consistently evoke Ca 2+ oscillations for oocyte activation [ 106 ] and undergo nuclear decondensation and pronuclei formation [ 156 ]. The failure of consistent oocyte activation may be explained by the high rigidity of the perinuclear theca observed in bovine sperm, which interferes with the solubilization of the perinuclear theca contents [ 110 , 159 , 160 ] and, by implication, the release of PLCZ1 into the ooplasm. Bull sperm has only protamine 1, and the nuclear chromatin is very stable with the maximum number of disulfide cross links [ 161 ], resulting in high nuclear stability when compared to human and mouse sperm [ 162 ].…”
Section: Bovine Plcz1mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…We also still do not know how PLCZ1 localizes to intracellular membranes rather than the plasma membrane. Another paper by Gupta et al (2022) relates the story of the development of ICSI and how we developed an understanding of the critical role of PLCZ1 in explaining why it works, and why it often fails in domestic animals. The paper by Satouh (2022) describes the experiments using PLCZ1 null sperm to fertilize mouse eggs.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%