Sphagnum physiological responses to elevated temperature, nitrogen, CO2 and low moisture in laboratory and in situ microhabitats: a review

Chiapusio, Geneviève; Binet, Philippe; Bertheau, Coralie; Priault, Pierrick

doi:10.1007/s10452-021-09924-8

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 141 publications

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“…The absence of brown mosses from eutrophic sites within fen systems can thus be attributed either to fundamental niche partitioning, implying that high nutrient concentrations have an adverse effect on bryophytes, or to realised niche partitioning due to competitive exclusion by vascular plants or other bryophyte species. In support of the first hypothesis, experimental studies indicate that, generally, bryophytes perform worse with increased nutrient availability both in the field and in greenhouse cultures (Press et al 1986, Gunnarsson and Rydin 2000, Bergamini and Pauli 2001, Pearce et al 2003, Paulissen et al 2004, 2005, Breeuwer et al 2009, Granath et al 2012, Chiapusio et al 2022). Eutrophication leading to displacement of brown mosses by vascular plants or other bryophyte species (Kooijman 1992, Kooijman and Bakker 1995, Bergamini and Pauli 2001, Mälson and Rydin 2007) would still be compatible with adverse effects of high nutrient concentrations (hypothesis 1).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Physiological responses of fen mosses along a nitrogen gradient point to competition restricting their fundamental niches

Jaszczuk

Kreyling

Kozub

et al. 2022

Oikos

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Nutrient availability determines vegetation patterns and ecological functioning of intact groundwater-fed peatlands (fens). Bryophytes, commonly referred to as 'brown mosses', dominate calcareous fens (rich fens), are an integral part of their unique biodiversity and contribute significantly to peat formation and carbon sequestration. Brown mosses are replaced by vascular plants as nutrient availability increases. The decline of brown mosses may either be due to their physiological intolerance of high nutrient levels or to them being outcompeted by vascular plants. We aimed to distinguish between these two hypotheses by investigating whether the ecological optima reflect the physiological optima of brown mosses. Eight brown moss species, common in calcareous fens of the northern hemisphere, were grown under a gradient of nitrogen and phosphorus availability. Biomass increment, chlorophyll content and biomass nutrient concentration were measured. All brown moss species studied achieved the highest growth rates and chlorophyll contents when grown under conditions of nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations higher than those where they occur naturally at the highest frequency. Two of the species showed no growth saturation even at the highest levels of nutrient availability, while the others appeared potassium-limited at the highest N and P levels. Brown mosses dominate natural fens at the lower edge of their physiological optimum in terms of nutrient availability, i.e. their realized niche is much narrower than the fundamental one. Based on the literature, we argue that it is the competition for light with vascular plants which limits the occurrence of brown mosses in nutrientrich habitats and prevents them from occupying their entire fundamental niche.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Physiological responses of fen mosses along a nitrogen gradient point to competition restricting their fundamental niches

Jaszczuk

Kreyling

Kozub

et al. 2022

Oikos

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“…Previous physiological studies focusing on Sphagnum have also reported reduced growth under elevated nitrogen levels (Gunnarsson and Rydin, 2000;Chiapusio et al, 2022). In many Sphagnum species, reduced growth was associated with increased photosynthesis, although the responses differed among species in the Cuspidata section (Chiapusio et al, 2022).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Effects of the Culture Medium, pH Level, and Type of Sugar on the Growth of Sphagnum cuspidatulum Müll. Hal.

Sitthichoptham,

Wongkantrakorn,

Kraichak

et al. 2023

HST

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Owing to habitat modifications and climate change, Sphagnum moss has gradually disappeared from many tropical areas. In Thailand, Sphagnum cuspidatulum Müll. Hal., which was one of the most abundant species in the past, experienced a significant decline in 2022. The in vitro conservation of this species in an axenic culture in the laboratory has not been attempted, and therefore our work focused on the gametophytic cultivation of S. cuspidatulum using the tissue culture technique. After collecting samples in the field, a gametophyte of S. cuspidatulum was prepared by growing the moss in a growth chamber for three months to induce shoot tip elongation. The explants were cultured for six weeks in different formulas of culture media, initial pHs of the treatments, sugar types, and sugar concentrations. The results showed that the highest dry weight was produced with the 1/6MS treatment, followed by the 1/8MS and 1/4MS treatments. Different initial pHs did not affect the dry weight or total chlorophyll content. It was also found that the pHs of all of the treatments gradually declined during cultivation to less than 3.0. When we supplemented the media with sugar, the 1/4MS treatment supplemented with 1.5% to 2% glucose had the highest dry weight. This study was the first to use MS media for Sphagnum cultivation rather than traditional media such as Knop and B5. The results demonstrated the potential of using micropropagation for the mass production and ex situ conservation of S. cuspidatulum in Thailand.

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“…2022) as well as good culture conditions, especially the constant moisture supply in the growth chamber (Chiapusio et al . 2022). Furthermore, the decomposed plant remnants at the base of Sphagnum plants can also release CO 2 , potentially increasing carbon availability for Sphagnum .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Plants increase photosynthesis in response to moderate herbivory, which is considered a means to tolerate herbivores (Hay et al 2011;Moreira et al 2015). In addition, the increase in growth may be partially attributed to herbivore frass alleviating nitrogen limitation (Barrag an-Fonseca et al 2022) as well as good culture conditions, especially the constant moisture supply in the growth chamber (Chiapusio et al 2022). Furthermore, the decomposed plant remnants at the base of Sphagnum plants can also release CO 2 , potentially increasing carbon availability for Sphagnum.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A hidden herbivory effect on Sphagnum reproduction

Chen,

Liu,

Moles

et al. 2024

Plant Biol J

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Defence theories provide predictions about trade‐offs in the allocation of resources to defence and growth. However, very little is known about how pressure from herbivores influences the allocation of resources during reproduction. Two common peatland bryophyte species, Sphagnum angustifolium and S. capillifolium, were chosen as study species. Vegetative and reproductive shoots of both Sphagnum species were subjected to treatments with and without herbivores in a lab experiment. After 4 weeks of exposure to herbivores in a growth chamber, we measured biomass production, net photosynthesis rate, defence traits (phenolics in leachate and phenolics in extract), nonstructural carbohydrates (soluble sugar and starch), and reproductive traits (capsule number, weight and diameter, and spore germination) of both Sphagnum species. Reproductive shoots had higher constitutive defence than vegetative shoots in S. angustifolium, and a similar pattern was observed in S. capillifolium. With herbivory, reproductive shoots showed stronger induced defence (released more phenolics) than vegetative shoots in S. capillifolium, but not in S. angustifolium. Herbivory had no effect on capsule number, weight, or diameter, but reduced spore germination percentage by more than half in both species. Our study highlights the hidden effects of herbivory on reproduction of Sphagnum and indicates the presence of maternal effects in bryophytes. Ecologists will benefit from examining both quality‐ and quantity‐based traits when attempting to estimate the herbivory effect on plant fitness.

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Sphagnum physiological responses to elevated temperature, nitrogen, CO2 and low moisture in laboratory and in situ microhabitats: a review

Cited by 7 publications

References 141 publications

Physiological responses of fen mosses along a nitrogen gradient point to competition restricting their fundamental niches

Physiological responses of fen mosses along a nitrogen gradient point to competition restricting their fundamental niches

Effects of the Culture Medium, pH Level, and Type of Sugar on the Growth of Sphagnum cuspidatulum Müll. Hal.

A hidden herbivory effect on Sphagnum reproduction

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