Spider Structure of Photoelectron Momentum Distributions of Ionized Electrons from Hydrogen Atoms for Extraction of Carrier Envelope Phase of Few-Cycle Pulses^*

Abstract

The spider structure in the photoelectron momentum distributions (PMDs) of ionized electrons from the hydrogen atom is simulated by solving the time-dependent Schrödinger equation (TDSE). We find that the spider structure exhibits sensitive dependence on carrier envelope phase (CEP) of the few-cycle pulses. To elucidate the striking CEP dependence of the spider structure, we select three physical parameters I L, I R, and I R/I L to quantitatively characterize the variations of the spider structure induced by altering the CEPs. I L is the sum of the left half panel of the transverse cut curves (i.e., the sum of all the negative momenta along the laser polarization direction), I R is the sum of the right half panel of the transverse cut curves (i.e., the sum of all the positive momenta along the laser polarization direction), and I R/I L is the ratio between the two sums. These parameters are shown to have monotonic relation with the CEP value, which is exploited to extract the CEPs. We anticipate that our method will be useful for obtaining CEPs encoded in the spider structure of PMDs.

Porous material energy absorbing structure based on spider web biomimetic structure

“…In formula (1), k is the number of concentric SWs, with the minimum circle radius and the difference in center radii between adjacent circles being r. Therefore, the efficiency of a SW is the ratio of the maximum coverage area of a concentric web to the length of the spider silk, which can be calculated by formula (2).…”

“…Porous materials have gradually become an effective way to solve this problem due to their excellent characteristics such as lightweight and high strength. Among them, porous materials on the ground of Spider Web (SW) biomimetic structures have enormous research value and application potential in the field of energy absorbing structure design [1][2][3]. As a typical biological structure, SWs have high research value in the field of biology.…”

Excitation and ionization of OCS molecules in strong UV and NIR laser fields

“…The interaction of atoms or molecules with femtosecond strong laser fields has attracted lots of experimental and theoretical researches during the past several decades. [1][2][3] Ionization [4] is viewed as the fundamental process in strongfield physics, and may induce various nonlinear physical phenomena, including non-sequential double/multiple ionization (NSD(M)I), [5,6] high-order above-threshold ionization [7,8] and high-order harmonic generation. [9] Recently, it has been surprising to find, both theoretically and experimentally, that neutral atoms and molecules in Rydberg states can survive strong laser fields.…”

Using analytically-corrected semiclassical rescattering model to study Coulomb impact in spiderlike photoelectron momentum distributions

“…As a special interference, the spatial and temporal information of both the parent ion and electrons are encoded in the spider-structured PMD patterns. Consequently, structural and dynamic information can be retrieved from these patterns [7,[13][14][15][16][17][18][19]. The spiderlike PMDs have been extensively investigated both experimentally and numerically [20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30] since Hickstein's reported the pioneering work on the interference feature [23].…”