Spin coating epitaxial films

Abstract

Epitaxial films through spin coating A simple way to coat a surface with a uniform film is by spin coating. The substrate is spun at high speed, and a droplet of solution containing the coating is added at the center, spreads out, and evaporates. This method is used to make polycrystalline inorganic coatings and amorphous films, such as polymers used in lithography. Kelso et al. performed spin coating with single-crystal substrates, carefully controlling the thickness of the spreading solution on the basis of its viscosity and the rotation rate. In this way, they achieved epitaxial growth—in which the crystallites are oriented by the substrate—for perovskites, zinc oxide, and sodium chloride. Science , this issue p. 166

Effects of the PbBr2:PbI2 Molar Ratio on the Formation of Lead Halide Thin Films, and the Ratio’s Application for High Performance and Wide Bandgap Solar Cells

“…This may result in many polytypes, with the dominant crystal growth taking place in the vertical direction. In addition, the spin-coated solutions consisting of PbI 2 -PbBr 2 -DMF complexes [39][40][41][42][43] undergo nucleation and growth by a post-heat treatment to complete the transformation [44]. Although such a system would be in a non-equilibrium or metastable state, the use of the quasi-binary phase diagram of PbI 2 -PbBr 2 provides insight for the development of the microstructure through the phase transformation.…”

Static and Dynamic Optical Analysis of Micro Wrinkle Formation on a Liquid Surface

“…The ability to create a uniformly flat film of a viscous liquid on a solid surface is important in a wide range of coating, painting, and varnishing applications [1,2], including microelectronics manufacturing [3,4], architecture and decoration [5], and protection and art conservation [6,7]. Such films are susceptible to distortions of the liquid-air interface occurring during initial shaping, for example as brush strokes while painting, or after deposition, for example due to substrate roughness [8] or due to an impinging air flow over the film [9].…”

Wet synthesis endows scalable epitaxy of complex oxide multiferroics

“…With respect to scalable synthesis, wet-chemistry-based growth methods such as sol-gel dip/spin/spray/blade coating have been demonstrated as technically viable strategies [ 2 ]. Nevertheless, most solution-based processing so far reported is inadequate to attain well-defined single-crystalline quality epitaxy with large area uniformity as most of the claimed ‘epitaxy growth’ was either weakly textured [ 3 ] or offered mundane discrete islands [ 4 ].…”

“…A recent work on wet synthesis of complex multiferroic oxides [ 5 ] exemplifies a compelling case of significant advances in synthesis of multifunctional materials with fascinating electronic and magnetic properties toward lab-to-manufacturing translation. The new experimental work, led by Prof. Jiangyu Li and collaborators, reports development of solution-based single-crystalline epitaxy in a large area, in particular tackling a complex oxide multiferroic system with its composition as sophisticated as (1-x)BiTi (1-y)/2 Fe y Mg (1-y)/2 O 3 –(x) CaTiO 3 (BTFM–CTO), compared to simpler oxides in previous endeavors [ 4 ]. Using sol-gel solution processing and effectively mitigating the evaporation rate during gelation, as illustrated in Fig.…”