Spin Nernst effect and Nernst effect in two-dimensional electron systems

Cheng, Shu-guang; Xing, Yanxia; Sun, Qing-Feng; Xie, Xin

doi:10.1103/physrevb.78.045302

Cited by 96 publications

(87 citation statements)

References 32 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…With the spin Hall effect [1, 2, 5, 6], the spin Seebeck effect [7,8,9], and the spin Peltier effect [10,11] already observed, our picture of pure spin current transport is almost complete. The only missing piece is the spin Nernst (-Ettingshausen) effect, that so far has only been discussed on theoretical grounds [12,13,14,15]. Here, we report the observation of the spin Nernst effect.…”

mentioning

confidence: 62%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Observation of the spin Nernst effect

Meyer¹,

Chen²,

Wimmer³

et al. 2017

Nature Mater

177

122

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The observation of the spin Hall effect [1, 2, 3] triggered intense research on pure spin current transport [4]. With the spin Hall effect [1, 2, 5, 6], the spin Seebeck effect [7, 8, 9], and the spin Peltier effect [10, 11] already observed, our picture of pure spin current transport is almost complete. The only missing piece is the spin Nernst (-Ettingshausen) effect, that so far has only been discussed on theoretical grounds [12, 13, 14, 15]. Here, we report the observation of the spin Nernst effect. By applying a longitudinal temperature gradient, we generate a pure transverse spin current in a Pt thin film. For readout, we exploit the magnetization-orientationdependent spin transfer to an adjacent yttrium iron garnet layer, converting the spin Nernst current in Pt into a controlled change of the longitudinal and transverse thermopower voltage. Our experiments show that the spin Nernst and the spin Hall effect in Pt are of comparable magnitude, but differ in sign, as corroborated by first-principles calculations. the guidance of S.M. and G.E.W.B.

show abstract

mentioning

confidence: 62%

“…1(d). Here, θ SN is the spin Nernst angle [12,13,14,15]. In linear response and Sommerfeld approximation:…”

Section: Main Lettermentioning

confidence: 99%

Observation of the spin Nernst effect

Meyer¹,

Chen²,

Wimmer³

et al. 2017

Nature Mater

177

122

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Reference [98] theoretically discusses the the spin Nernst effect in a two-dimensional Rashba spin-orbit system under a magnetic field, and Refs. [99,100] the same effect in a zero magnetic field.…”

Section: Anomalous Nernst Effect and Spin Nernst Effectmentioning

confidence: 99%

Theory of the spin Seebeck effect

et al. 2013

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. The spin Seebeck effect refers to the generation of a spin voltage caused by a temperature gradient in a ferromagnet, which enables the thermal injection of spin currents from the ferromagnet into an attached nonmagnetic metal over a macroscopic scale of several millimeters. The inverse spin Hall effect converts the injected spin current into a transverse charge voltage, thereby producing electromotive force as in the conventional charge Seebeck device. Recent theoretical and experimental efforts have shown that the magnon and phonon degrees of freedom play crucial roles in the spin Seebeck effect. In this article, we present the theoretical basis for understanding the spin Seebeck effect and briefly discuss other thermal spin effects.

show abstract

“…In this field, thermal gradient is used as an ultimate agent to generate a spin current, in analogy to the generation of a charge current in conventional thermoelectrics. As a promiment spincaloritronics phenomenon, the relativistic spin Nernst effect (SNE) enables a way to generate a pure transverse spin current in a sample subject to an applied temperature gradient [2][3][4]. The SNE bears an analogy to the spin Hall effect (SHE) [5,6], which has become one of the most efficient ways of generating spin currents in spintronics.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Giant spin Nernst effect induced by resonant scattering at surfaces of metallic films

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A new concept realizing giant spin Nernst effect in nonmagnetic metallic films is introduced. It is based on the idea of engineering an asymmetric energy dependence of the longitudinal and transverse electrical conductivities, as well as a pronounced energy dependence of the spin Hall angle in the vicinity of the Fermi level by the resonant impurity states at the Fermi level. We employ an analytical model and demonstrate the emergence of a giant spin Nernst effect in Ag(111) films using ab-inito calculations combined with the Boltzmann approach for transport properties arising from skew scattering off impurities. PACS numbers: 72.25.Rb, 73.50.Bk, 72.25.Ba, Within the past few years, the field of spin caloric transport has attracted broad interest owing to new challenges and vistas in applications which combine spintronic as well as thermoelectric concepts [1]. In this field, thermal gradient is used as an ultimate agent to generate a spin current, in analogy to the generation of a charge current in conventional thermoelectrics. As a promiment spincaloritronics phenomenon, the relativistic spin Nernst effect (SNE) enables a way to generate a pure transverse spin current in a sample subject to an applied temperature gradient [2][3][4]. The SNE bears an analogy to the spin Hall effect (SHE) [5,6], which has become one of the most efficient ways of generating spin currents in spintronics. Owing to the fact that the SHE has been successfully observed in various types of experiments [7][8][9], it is expected that the spin Nernst effect would also be detectable. However, limitations on the magnitude of temperature gradients in metals can diminish the magnitude of the spin Nernst currents [10].Ab-initio studies [11][12][13][14] and experiments [15] suggest that the extrinsic SHE induced by the skew-scattering off impurities can be large due to a large difference in the spin-orbit coupling strength of the impurities and the host. However, this argument is not applicable to the SNE, because the thermal transport coefficients entering the expression for the spin Nernst conductivity (SNC) are determined to a first approximation by the derivative of the conductivities around the Fermi energy (E F ), and not by the their values directly at it. As a consequence, the SNE is more sensitive to changes in the electronic structure as a function of energy, as compared to the SHE. A requirement for the SNC to be large is that the energy dependence of the conductivities should be very asymmetric with respect to E F .Recently, Tauber et al. [10,16], using first-principles techniques combined with Boltzmann approach, computed the SNE in Cu bulk, caused by spin-dependent scattering off substitutional impurities such as Ti, Au, Bi. The magnitude of the SNC was predicted to be about 16 (A/K m) at 300 K in Cu 0.99 Au 0.01 alloy. It corresponds to a spin current of about 10 µA when using a sample with the dimensions of 100×100×100 nm [9] and a temperature gradient of 50 K/µm [17]. For the same Cu(Au) alloy, Wimmer et al. obtained a somewhat ...

show abstract

Spin Nernst effect and Nernst effect in two-dimensional electron systems

Cited by 96 publications

References 32 publications

Observation of the spin Nernst effect

Observation of the spin Nernst effect

Theory of the spin Seebeck effect

Giant spin Nernst effect induced by resonant scattering at surfaces of metallic films

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About