Spontaneous Object Recognition in Animals: A Test of Episodic Memory

Kouwenberg, Amy-Lee; Martin, Gerard M.; Skinner, Darlene M.; Thorpe, Christina M.; Walsh, Carolyn J.

doi:10.5772/35989

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…Discontinuation of morphine in dependent mice after 14 hours showed cognition dysfunction, with spending more time to explore the objects in an object recognition task (30). Such a test can be used for assessing working and episodic-like memory in animals (31). …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Learning and Memory Performance After Withdrawal of Agent Abuse: A Review

Amin

Andalib

Vaseghi

et al. 2016

IJPBS

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ContextAgent abuse is a dire predicament worldwide. Learning and memory deficits stemming from the withdrawal of such agents is an increasingly burning issue for researchers.Evidence AcquisitionThe present review revisits the literature generated by far pertaining to the research on memory and cognition deficiencies after withdrawal of agent abuse and corresponding mechanisms.ResultsDeficiency on spatial memory, episodic memory and working memory are common after withdrawal of agent abuse.ConclusionsThe present review suggests that memory dysfunction may result from withdrawal of agent abuse.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Learning and Memory Performance After Withdrawal of Agent Abuse: A Review

Amin

Andalib

Vaseghi

et al. 2016

IJPBS

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“…The male rats in the codeine group took more time to explore the maze compared to the control group. In a related study using a Y-Maze task, it was reported that acquisition of spatial recognition memory was impaired after chronic administration of morphine [58]. In another study, it was reported that dependent mice showed cognitive dysfunctions 14 hours after discontinuation of morphine treatment by spending more time to explore the objects in an object recognition task [59].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Separate and Combined Chronic Ingestion of Codeine and Tramadol on Exploratory Learning Behaviour Among Male Albino Rats

Balogun¹,

Osuh²,

Olotu³

2020

AJAP

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Tramadol and codeine are opioids known to have effective analgesic effects and potentials for the possible development of tolerance and addiction. The recent increase in the use and abuse of these substances coupled with research evidence implicating the ability of these opioids to readily access opioid receptors in the central nervous system (CNS) is a source of research concern. This study, therefore, examined the effects of chronic exposure to codeine and tramadol on exploratory learning behaviour. Twenty-four (24) male albino rats weighing between 150-200g and 4-6 weeks old, collected from the University of Ibadan Veterinary animal farm were used for this study. They were divided into 4 experimental groups of codeine, tramadol, combined codeine and tramadol and control groups with 6 rats in each group. They were exposed to 8mg/kg of codeine, 20mg/kg of tramadol, combined 8mg/kg of codeine and 20mg/kg of tramadol, and normal saline for the codeine, tramadol, combined codeine and tramadol and control groups respectively for 28 days. The rats were administered with the drugs every other day and observed after each treatment day for exploratory learning behaviour using the T-maze. randomized block ANOVA showed a significant effect of codeine and tramadol on exploratory learning behaviour among male albino rats, f (3,67) = 19.08, p < 0.001, η2=.08. Male albino rats in the codeine treatment group significantly took more time exploring the maze (Mean = 176.64) than combined group (Mean =168.13), tramadol group (Mean =131.10) and control group (Mean =92.48). The mean differences were significant (p<.001). It was concluded that chronic exposure to tramadol and codeine has implications for exploratory learning and memory deficits.

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“…Eacott and colleagues suggest that one of the strengths of their procedure is that it requires no training and, therefore, reduces potential confounds caused by reinforced learning (Eacott & Norman, 2004). Furthermore, the recollection of the combination of object, location and context is unexpected (Kouwenberg, Martin, & Skinner, 2012). Thus, by using what–where–which rather than what–where–when, Eacott and colleagues seem to have demonstrated recollection of episodic (like) memory in rats (Eacott et al, 2005).…”

Section: Key Issuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

It is about time: Conceptual and experimental evaluation of the temporal cognitive mechanisms in mental time travel

Martín-Ordás

2020

WIRES Cognitive Science

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Mental time travel (MTT) is the ability that allows humans to mentally project themselves backwards in time to remember past events (i.e., episodic memory) or forwards in time to imagine future events (i.e., future thinking). Despite empirical evidence showing that animals might possess MTT abilities, some still claim that this ability is uniquely human. Recent debates have suggested that it is the temporal cognitive mechanism (i.e., ability to represent the sense of past and future) that makes MTT uniquely human. Advances in the field have been constrained by a lack of comparative data, methodological shortcomings that prevent meaningful comparisons, and a lack of clear conceptualizations of the temporal cognitive mechanism. Here I will present a comprehensive review into MTT in humans and animals-with a particular focus on great apes. I will examine three of the most prominent and influential theoretical models of human MTT. Drawing on these accounts, I suggest that a basic way of understanding time might be shared across species, however culture and language will play a critical role at shaping the way we elaborate mental representations about past and future events.

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Spontaneous Object Recognition in Animals: A Test of Episodic Memory

Cited by 6 publications

References 66 publications

Learning and Memory Performance After Withdrawal of Agent Abuse: A Review

Learning and Memory Performance After Withdrawal of Agent Abuse: A Review

Effects of Separate and Combined Chronic Ingestion of Codeine and Tramadol on Exploratory Learning Behaviour Among Male Albino Rats

It is about time: Conceptual and experimental evaluation of the temporal cognitive mechanisms in mental time travel

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