Spontaneous recovery, time course, and circadian influence on habituation of the cardiovascular responses to repeated restraint stress in rats

Santos, Carlos Eduardo Meirelles dos; Benini, Ricardo; Crestani, Carlos C.

doi:10.1007/s00424-020-02451-9

Cited by 15 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…For restraint stress, animals were kept for 60 min into a cylindrical plastic tube, as previously described ( Alves et al, 2010 , 2014 ). Animals were subjected to only one restraint session to avoid the habituation process ( Benini et al, 2019 ; Santos et al, 2020 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Site-Specific Regulation of Stress Responses Along the Rostrocaudal Axis of the Insular Cortex in Rats

et al. 2022

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The insular cortex (IC) has been described as a part of the central network implicated in the integration and processing of limbic information, being related to the behavioral and physiological responses to stressful events. Besides, a site-specific control of physiological functions has been reported along the rostrocaudal axis of the IC. However, a functional topography of the IC in the regulation of stress responses has never been reported. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the impact of acute restraint stress in neuronal activation at different sites along the rostrocaudal axis of the IC. Furthermore, we evaluated the involvement of IC rostrocaudal subregions in the cardiovascular responses to acute restraint stress. We observed that an acute session of restraint stress increased the number of Fos-immunoreactive cells in the rostral posterior region of the IC, while fewer activated cells were identified in the anterior and caudal posterior regions. Bilateral injection of the non-selective synaptic inhibitor CoCl2 into the anterior region of the IC did not affect the blood pressure and heart rate increases and the sympathetically mediated cutaneous vasoconstriction to acute restraint stress. However, synaptic ablation of the rostral posterior IC decreased the restraint-evoked arterial pressure increase, whereas tachycardia was reduced in animals in which the caudal posterior IC was inhibited. Taken together, these pieces of evidence indicate a site-specific regulation of cardiovascular stress response along the rostrocaudal axis of the IC.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Site-Specific Regulation of Stress Responses Along the Rostrocaudal Axis of the Insular Cortex in Rats

et al. 2022

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“…The animals were maintained for 30 min into the restraint tube (Gouveia et al, 2016;Barretto-de-Souza et al, 2018b). Each animal was submitted to a single session of stress to avoid habituation (Benini et al, 2019(Benini et al, , 2020Santos et al, 2020).…”

Section: Restraint Stressmentioning

confidence: 99%

Both Prelimbic and Infralimbic Noradrenergic Neurotransmissions Modulate Cardiovascular Responses to Restraint Stress in Rats

et al. 2021

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The prelimbic (PL) and infralimbic (IL) subareas of the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) have been implicated in physiological and behavioral responses during aversive threats. The previous studies reported the noradrenaline release within the mPFC during stressful events, and the lesions of catecholaminergic terminals in this cortical structure affected stress-evoked local neuronal activation. Nevertheless, the role of mPFC adrenoceptors on cardiovascular responses during emotional stress is unknown. Thus, we investigated the role of adrenoceptors present within the PL and IL on the increase in both arterial pressure and heart rate (HR) and on the sympathetically mediated cutaneous vasoconstriction evoked by acute restraint stress. For this, bilateral guide cannulas were implanted into either the PL or IL of male rats. All animals were also subjected to catheter implantation into the femoral artery for cardiovascular recording. The increase in both arterial pressure and HR and the decrease in the tail skin temperature as an indirect measurement of sympathetically mediated cutaneous vasoconstriction were recorded during the restraint session. We observed that the microinjection of the selective α2-adrenoceptor antagonist RX821002 into either the PL or IL decreased the pressor response during restraint stress. Treatment of the PL or IL with either the α1-adrenoceptor antagonist WB4101 or the α2-adrenoceptor antagonist reduced the restraint-evoked tachycardia. The drop in the tail skin temperature was decreased by PL treatment with the β-adrenoceptor antagonist propranolol and with the α1- or α2-adrenoceptor antagonists. The α2-adrenoceptor antagonist into the IL also decreased the skin temperature response. Our results suggest that the noradrenergic neurotransmission in both PL and IL mediates the cardiovascular responses to aversive threats.

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“…For example, human subjects who repeated a stressful task exhibited attenuated cardiovascular reactivity and improved task performance 30 . A recent study in rats demonstrated that exposure to repeated restrain stress results in a clear habituation of both the HPA (hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis, one of the main biological response pathways for stress) and cardiovascular response 31 . Such studies have led to the idea of “stress inoculation”, i.e., that exposure to measured stress may result in higher resilience toward later stresses 32 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Real-time sensing of war’s effects on wellbeing with smartphones and smartwatches

et al. 2023

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Background Modern wars have a catastrophic effect on the wellbeing of civilians. However, the nature of this effect remains unclear, with most insights gleaned from subjective, retrospective studies. Methods We prospectively monitored 954 Israelis (>40 years) from two weeks before the May 2021 Israel-Gaza war until four weeks after the ceasefire using smartwatches and a dedicated mobile application with daily questionnaires on wellbeing. This war severely affected civilians on both sides, where over 4300 rockets and missiles were launched towards Israeli cities, and 1500 aerial, land, and sea strikes were launched towards 16,500 targets in the Gaza Strip. Results We identify considerable changes in all the examined wellbeing indicators during missile attacks and throughout the war, including spikes in heart rate levels, excessive screen-on time, and a reduction in sleep duration and quality. These changes, however, fade shortly after the war, with all affected measures returning to baseline in nearly all the participants. Greater changes are observed in individuals living closer to the battlefield, women, and younger individuals. Conclusions The demonstrated ability to monitor objective and subjective wellbeing indicators during crises in real-time is pivotal for the early detection of and prompt assistance to populations in need.

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Spontaneous recovery, time course, and circadian influence on habituation of the cardiovascular responses to repeated restraint stress in rats

Cited by 15 publications

References 43 publications

Site-Specific Regulation of Stress Responses Along the Rostrocaudal Axis of the Insular Cortex in Rats

Site-Specific Regulation of Stress Responses Along the Rostrocaudal Axis of the Insular Cortex in Rats

Both Prelimbic and Infralimbic Noradrenergic Neurotransmissions Modulate Cardiovascular Responses to Restraint Stress in Rats

Real-time sensing of war’s effects on wellbeing with smartphones and smartwatches

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